Summer Student Projects Submission 2023

Contribution List

33. 3D printing accelerator structures

The development of compact millimeter-scale structures has broad applications in accelerator science including particle acceleration, diagnostics, beam manipulation and wakefield generation. The student will support the development of such structures via simulations backed with production and structure testing using our radiofrequency and laser based THz sources. The student will participate...

56. Adhesion of coinage metals on thin polymer films

High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (HiPIMS) is an emerging physical vapor deposition technique in industry and research, which allows the creation of novel polymer-metal composites. One reason is its higher ionized fraction of ions during deposition compared to conventional sputter and evaporation techniques. First results in the literature show a big advantage over conventional sputter...

49. Analysis of ultra-short XUV FEL pulses

In our group at FLASH, we measure the temporal duration of the free-electron laser pulses by terahertz streaking. Photo-electrons are generated in the interaction of the XUV FEL pulse and noble gases like neon. If the ionization takes place in the presence of a THz field, the photo-electron spectrum is altered and contains information about the arrival time and the temporal duration of the FEL...

5. Automated Electron Beam Tuning at FLASHForward

The FLASHForward experiment is a beam-driven plasma-wakefield accelerator at the FEL user facility FLASH in Hamburg. The long-term goal is to produce efficiently high-quality electrons bunches with high accelerating gradients >1 GV/m at MHz repetition rate. To achieve this, an important and time-consuming task is the preparation of the FLASH electron beam before the actual injection into the...

29. bootsted ttH analysis in full hadronic final state

The discovery of the Higgs boson in 2012 was a major success for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. With higher luminosity in stages of Run2 and Run3, the precise measurements of Higgs boson properties are possible, which play an important role in the complement of SM and the search for the BSM. In the 13 TeV proton-proton collision at LHC, the Higgs boson can be produced via various...

22. Calibration of the new CMS luminosity detector BCM1F

The BCM1F detector of the CMS experiment consists of 48 silicon pad sensors situated close to the beam pipe on both sides of the interaction point. The detector provides an online, quasi-real-time measurement of the instantaneous luminosity the CMS and the LHC control rooms. For the Run-3 data taking, BCM1F was completely refurbished.
The topic of the Summer Student project is data analysis...

53. Characterization and optimization of ultraviolet trigger pulses for a femtosecond RF photogun

A miniature radio frequency (RF) pulsed photoelectron gun capable of producing high energy (180 kV) femtosecond electron pulses at a diffraction target has been built at FS-CFEL-2. A unique advantage of this RF gun concept is the self-compressing nature of the emitted electron bunches, allowing for very short electron pulse durations even at high pulse charge. In order to achieve optimal...

63. CMS Open Data Analysis

The student will analyse open data from CMS and possibly other experiments.

26. CMS Phase-2 Tracker Integration

he student will participate in various activities related to the integration of the CMS Phase-2 Tracker Endcap.
The integration of detector modules onto the supporting mechanical structure brings various challenges that have to be addressed. The thermal coupling of the PS detector modules using a thermal interface material has to be established. Candidate materials are being studied. The...

66. CMS physics data analysis project

CMS physics data analysis project

21. CMS Tracker Module Testing

We offer a project related to the CMS Outer Tracker Upgrade. At DESY, we will produce 1200 PS modules, whose components have to be tested prior to assembly.
Moreover, assembly procedure are currently being verified as well as the testing procedures for final modules. The student will involved in these activities working in the Detector Assembly Facility.

38. Cordia detector development

N/A

50. Design and optimization of Self-Seeded Orbital Angular Momentum (SSOAM) from FELs

NA

61. Developing X-ray optics made by laser ablation

Diamond x-ray lenses are novel optics for synchrotron sources and
free-electron lasers to focus extremely intense x-ray beams to nanometer
dimensions. We will use ultrafast laser ablation to fabricate parabolic
and aspherical x-ray lenses. The surface shape will be analyzed by
confocal laser scanning microscopy. The data will be used to design and
fabricate an optical element to...

25. Discrimination between tWZ and ttZ production using Machine Learning

The production of a single top quark in association with a W and a Z boson is a very rare process in the SM. One of the challenges for its
identification, besides the small cross section, is the overlap with the ttZ process that has same final state but a cross section 5 times larger.
For this reason it is necessary to develop a machine learning algorithm to increase the discrimination of...

52. Dispersion characterization of apodized chirped Bragg gratings and mode-locked laser cavities using white light interferometry setup

Apodized Chirped Bragg Gratings (ACGs) optical component is a reflecting Bragg grating with a period gradually varying along the direction of beam propagation. We designed and fabricated apodized chirped Bragg gratings in a silicon nitride-on-insulator platform for dispersion compensation in on-chip mode-locked lasers (MLLs) operating in the short-wave infrared wavelength band. To measure the...

34. Electro-optical bunch length detection at FLASH

Electro-optically active crystals change their birefringence in electromagnetic fields. As the Coulomb field around a relativistic electron bunch resembles the current profile, probing the induced birefringence with a laser provides a non-invasive measurement of the temporal profile of fast changing fields, or the temporal profile of electron bunches in accelerators.

A newly installed setup...

20. Electroweak Transverse Momentum Dependent PDFs

At the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), studies on the weak vector-boson scattering and weak vectorboson fusion processes becomes increasingly
revalent. In high energy colliders where masses do not play a role, such as HE-LHC or multi-TeV Muon collider, the Electroweak (EW) PDFs should be adopted as the proper description for partonic collisions of the initial states. We will obtain collinear...

27. Exploring Higgs physics beyond the Standard Model (3 projects)

project sketches:

(1)
After the discovery of a Higgs boson with a mass of about 125 GeV, the structure of the Higgs sector and the actual form of the Higgs potential still remain to a large extent uncharted. In this project, we will probe extended Higgs sectors, which could for instance be suitable for providing a possible candidate for dark matter and for explaining the matter-antimatter...

6. Finding displaced decays at future Higgs factories.

The next big particle collider project is foreseen to be an e+e- Higgs factory.
Various detector concepts with advanced detector technologies have been
proposed for such colliders, aiming to probe the Standard Model to
unprecedented precision. In order to optimise the physics performance of
these detectors, sophisticated reconstruction algorithms are being developed
and bench-marked on...

48. Generating cryogenically cooled beams of proteins and time-of-flight mass spectrometry based characterization

NA

23. GPUs 4 top quarks

Top quarks are important particles that, due to their large mass, provide a direct probe to the Higgs sector and possible extensions of the standard model of particle physics. At the LHC, the standard model predicts top quarks to be produced in pairs, alone, or in groups of four, of which the CMS experiment recently observed evidence. The production of three top quarks is another order of...

62. Handling “big data”: Processing petabytes of diffraction patterns

Modern x-ray facilities such as 3rd and 4th generation synchrotrons and Free Electron Lasers (FELs) combined with the modern detectors can generate thousands of diffraction patterns per second. This allows studying of very complex system and also capturing the dynamical processes. But it also results in up to petabytes of data for a single experiment. Such data volume has to be efficiently...

54. How far electrons can spread in the material after the X-ray shot?

Modern X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) produce femtosecond X-ray pulses sufficiently intense to modify material properties or damage the target. On the femtosecond timescales, energetic photoelectrons and Auger electrons trigger secondary electron cascades, which can spread the damage beyond the laser spot. We simulate these cascades using an in-house classical Monte Carlo code XCASCADE-3D...

16. Improve event selection of H->lly with Machine Learning

After finding evidence for the very rare Higgs decay to two leptons and a photon in 2021, we are now starting to re-optimize the analysis for the LHC Run 3. The previous analysis was completely based on rectangular cut-based selections and event classifications. We suggest having a summer student try out a BDT or NN to improve this. We would start with simulated samples, and with a simple ggF...

64. Improving electron resonstruction speed at CMS using GPUs

Electron reconstruction at CMS uses a special tracking algorithm called Gaussian Sum Filter (GSF) to account for radiative loss from brehmsstrahlung photons. The GSF algorithm is highly CPU intensive and thus cannot be run over all hits in the tracker. Hence the GSF tracking is run with only those hit patterns (seeds) that are compatible with an electron trajectory. These seeds are identified...

28. Inclusive production of WbWb

The student will join a physics measurement of the inclusive production of WbWb at the ATLAS experiment. The analysis is interesting as there are currently no models easily accessible to the LHC experiments that can accurately estimate this final state. The goal of the analysis is to measure various distributions in final states with one lepton as accurately as possible.

The student will...

7. Incorporating energy-loss into the fast detector simulation program SGV

The next big particle collider project is foreseen to be an e+e- Higgs factory.
Various detector concepts with advanced detector technologies have been
proposed for such colliders, aiming to probe the Standard Model to
unprecedented precision. In order to optimise the physics performance of
these detectors, sophisticated reconstruction algorithms are being developed
and bench-marked on...

40. Ionization and fragmentation of biomolecules in an electrospray ionization source

The biological functions and physico-chemical properties of peptides and
proteins are intrinsically linked to their tridimensional structure. To
extract the intrinsic physical properties of those molecules without any
interference with other molecules we transfer them into the gas phase
and into vacuum. Therefore, we use electrospray ionization (ESI), a
Nobel Prize-winning technique...

12. ITk System Test / Endcap Integration

Context of the project

The ATLAS detector is one of the four LHC experiments and will be upgraded for the upcoming high luminosity runs. The inner detector is going to be entirely replaced by an all-silicon tracker (ITk). The System Test is the main testbench for detector modules. The goal is to have a realistic environment close the the real detector in terms of electrical noise,...

30. Laboratory Characterisation and Threshold trimming of a fast trigger plane for the EUDET-style telescopes

The TelePix is a HV-CMOS based upgrade for for the EUDET-style tele- scopes within the DESY II Test Beam facility. The fast monolithic sensor will provide region of interest triggering and precise track timing, overcoming ambi- guities provided by multiple particles transversing the telescope within a single readout frame, which lasts up to 230μs for the MIMOSA26-based telescopes. At current...

18. Laboratory characterization of a digital-SiPM

Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) are well known as excellent light detectors in the ultraviolet to visible energy range with sub-nanosecond time resolution. Due to their unique characteristics, these devices are increasingly used in high-energy physics, medical and commercial applications. Most SiPMs are implemented as large arrays of Single Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPAD) in a parallel...

41. Laser interferometry on extremely short time and length scales

A main focus of our research is the analysis and control of light-induced many-body quantum mechanical wave packets in complex molecular systems represented by coherent superpositions of electronic states dressed by vibrational excitations [1]. The observed coherences on atomic length and timescales by means of advanced optical and coherent x-ray laser spectroscopy reveal rich information on...

35. Longitudinal beam stability at XFEL and FLASH

The Bunch Arrival Time Monitors (BAM) at XFEL and FLASH are one of the principal longitudinal beam diagnostic devices. They obtain information on the timing of the beam down to units of fs. The measurement device itself is a combination of high frequency electronics, laser optics, and support control electronics that ensures a proper working environment for the high-tech part. The proposed...

44. Modeling the Spatial separation of neutral bio-macromolecular conformers in an inhomogeneous electric field

NA

43. Modelling of nonlinear light up-conversion from intense femtosecond laser pulses

The interaction of intense femtosecond light pulses with a gaseous medium gives rise to highly nonlinear processes such as harmonic generation, where the initial frequency of a laser can be up-converted. The CFEL-ATTO group uses this technique to produce one of the shortest ultraviolet (UV) light pulses to date. Such pulses allow us to investigate in real-time how bio-relevant molecules react...

14. Monte Carlo Simulations of monolithic CMOS sensors with Allpix Squared

Monolithic CMOS sensors enable the development of detectors with low material budget and a low fabrication cost. Besides, using a small collection electrode results in a small sensor capacitance, a low analogue power consumption, and a large signal-to-noise ratio. TCAD Device simulations are used to model the highly non-linear electric field inside this type of sensor. These electric fields...

59. Multi-beam X-ray Ptychography Development

Ptychography is a robust computational imaging method for phase retrieval. Our group is currently expanding this method with multi-beam to address the compromise between high resolution and a large field of view of the sample. We have already demonstrated the efficiency of this method, but there are still many open questions to discover, such as the upper limit of the number of probes, the...

57. Noble metal sputter deposition on nanostructured polymer templates

Vacuum deposition of functional thin films has applications in numerous fields ranging from structural materials to solar cells, sensors, catalysis and medicine. Time-resolved X-ray scattering under high-speed industrial conditions in combination with spectroscopic methods provide ultimate insights to answer crucial questions about structure-property relationships. This knowledge is essential...

15. Particle track reconstruction using quantum computing algorithms

Quantum computing algorithms holds the potential to solve combinatorial problems more efficiently than classical techniques, thus saving resources and time.The summer student will learn about the basics of track reconstruction. Insights about state of the art track reconstruction techniques, including a brief overview of commonly used frameworks are provided. The student will learn to use real...

8. Primordial black holes and induced gravitational waves in non-standard cosmologies

Project sketch:
Primordial black holes (PBHs) are hypothetical dark matter candidates that could have formed in the early Universe by mechanisms other than the usual stellar collapse, in particular via gravitational collapse induced by large density fluctuations produced during inflation. The fact that PBH formation requires a large scalar power spectrum leads to an enhancement of the...

65. Probe position and line shift correction for non-coherent scanning microscopy

At the P06 beamline of PETRAIII we sometimes see shifted lines in our scanning microscopy images, presumably stemming from mechanical imperfections in our scanning equipment. The magnitude of the line shifting is somewhat larger than the size of our probe, and is therefore limiting our image resolution/quality. As we deal with a wide verity of samples at P06, we would like the summer student...

67. Pulse Characterization in Free-Electron Laser Facility FLASH

Free-electron lasers (FELs) offer short pulses ranging from X-Ray to THz spectral region which enable direct probing the dynamics of structural and electronic changes in complex materials. Ultrafast dynamics of such systems can be explored when FEL pulses are employed in a pump-probe scheme. To perform such experiments, precise characterization of laser pulses is required. The student will...

11. Realistic models of Electroweak Symmetry Breaking with Gegenbauer polynomials

In this project, BSM models based on potentials with so-called Gegenbauer polynomials, shall be constructed and studied. A UFO model for a simulation of such models at colliders shall be developed. Also models with a Gegenbauer-type Twin Higgs mechanism can be investigated.

42. Realtime observation of ultrafast dynamics in nano structured samples and 2D materials

Ultrafast dynamics in nano structured samples and 2D materials are of special interest in the fields of energy conversion, semiconductor and quantum technologies. For instance, during the relaxation of a light-induced plasmon oscillation, free electrons can be injected to an adjacent semiconductor for efficient charge generation. In this project, you will use a femtosecond laser and perform...

55. Recyclable cellulose-based solar cells using fully sprayed all-layer materials

Cellulose nanomaterials, which is a kind of emerging high-value nanoparticles extracted from plants, are abundant in nature, renewable and sustainable, providing endless possibility in polymer solar cells. Charge carrier transfer layers and metal electrodes fabricated with traditional processes such as atom layer deposition and thermal evaporation are difficult to recycle. Therefore, here we...

17. Refurbishment of the H1 SPACAL for LUXE-NPOD

The LUXE experiment at the DESY will study strong-field quantum electrodynamics in the interactions of a beam of electrons or photons with a high intensity laser. The photons produced in the primary interactions can be directed to a beam dump to search for axion-like particles (ALPs). Axions are hypothetical particles that are not included in the standard model of particle physics. They could...

2. Response of a Transition Edge Sensor to Single Photons of Different Wavelenghts

The Any Light Particle Search II (ALPS II) is a Light-Shining-through-a-Wall experiment at DESY, Hamburg probing the existence of Axions and Axion-Like Particles (ALPs), which are possible candidates for dark matter. In the ALPS II region of study, a rate of photons reconverting
from Axions/ALPs on the order of 10−5 cps is expected. This requires a detection system capable of measuring...

19. Search for Hexaquarks in CMS at the LHC -- feasibility study

The quark model, developed in 1964 by Gell-Mann [1] and Zweig [2], explains structure of mesons (quark-antiquark pairs) and baryons (3-quark states), such as protons and neutrons. The initial idea has been extended to 4-quark states (tetraquarks) in 1976 by Jeffe [3] and then in 1987 also to 5-quark states (pentaquarks) by Lipkin [4].

All of the above particles have been extensively...

10. Searching for ultralight dark matter with interferometers

Project sketch:
Ultralight dark matter is a compelling dark matter. It certainly participates in gravitational interaction, but it may also participate in non-gravitational interaction. The purpose of the project is to investigate the interaction between ultralight dark matter and interferometers and to explore possibilities if interferometers can be used for ultralight dark matter search.

3. Semantic Segmentation Of Pileup Particle Identification In The ATLAS Detector using Graph Neural Networks

Simulating pileup at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) involves the simulation of multiple proton interactions via soft QCD Monte Carlo models that are then overlaid onto a single primary interaction (or hard scatter event). This poses a significant challenge moving into the high luminosity era due to the increased average number of interactions per bunch crossing, and the growing complexity of...

58. SQS project

The student will have the opportunity to join a user beamtime where the X-ray imaging spectrometer of the SQS instrument is being used. He/she will participate in the preparation of the beamtime, and will also have the chance to get first experience with data analysis. Moreover, we will set up a new section of the beamline in the summer, the downstream diagnostics unit, where the student will...

46. Structural imaging of polar domains inside ferroelectric thin films with the use of tightly focused coherent x-ray nanoprobes and TEM

Ferroelectric thin films demonstrate spontaneous patterns of electric polarization, which can be manipulated with the use of electric fields and used for fast memory storage applications. The structural properties of such systems are greatly influenced by the presence of imperfections inside the crystal lattice. To date, our knowledge of the formation of imperfections and crystalline defects...

32. Studies of Tau Lepton properties: mass, lifetime, or branching fractions, with Belle II data

Studies of Tau Lepton properties: mass, lifetime, or branching fractions, with Belle II data

31. Study of the performance for identification of charged kaons in the Belle II experiment

Collisions produced in the interaction region of the Belle II experiment produce as final states charged and neutral particles that travel across the different subdetectors. A proper charged particle identification system is a critical requirement for the success of the physics program at Belle II. In particular, the tau lepton physics program require the identification of charged kaons from...

9. Tachyonic Instability and Dynamics of Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking

Project sketch:
In the very early universe, the Higgs could have existed in some unstable regime due to quantum fluctuations during a period of high scale inflation.
The project of this internship will be to study tachyonic instabilities and dynamics of spontaneous symmetry breaking in general, for an arbitrary scalar field, not necessarily the Higgs. This branches to many interesting...

4. Tackling LUXE challenges with Key4hep

The FTX Software (SFT) group is very actively involved in the Key4hep project, which aims to develop common software for future experiments. While the main target are future collider projects, also smaller experiments can profit from these efforts by using the Key4hep software stack. One of these experiments is the planned Laser und XFEL Experiment (LUXE) at DESY.

This summerstudent project...

60. Tackling the noise in x-ray holograms

X-ray holography is a method for implementing full-field X-ray microscopy. It offers high sensitivity, especially for low absorbing samples, because the phase-shifting part of the sample is used to form an image of the sample instead of its absorption. To obtain this image, the phase of the hologram must be recovered. This process can be affected by noise in the measured holograms. The aim of...

13. Tests of SiPM-on-Tile modules for the CMS HGCAL

Our group works on the development of highly granular hadronic calorimeters based on small scintillator tiles read out by Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs). This "SiPM-on-tile" technology will be used for the upgrade of the calorimeter endcap of the CMS detector for HL-LHC. An important ingredient for these calorimeters is the readout electronics, which is fully integrated into the detector...

37. TimePix4 detector development

N/A

51. Ultrafast time-resolved optical absorption spectroscopy studies on solvated molecules

NA

36. untitled CMI theoretical/computing project

N/A

47. X-ray optics for imaging fast processes in 3D

The student will work at the European XFEL with scientists developing a novel system to make movies of fast, microscopic processes taking place in materials, such as the propagation of cracks or formation of defects in materials under impulsive forces, as well as for the study of turbulent flow and laser-processing or 3D printing. This is achieved by a method of tomoscopy, with...

39. X-ray optics through additive manufacturing

Innovative X-ray optics paves the way for cutting-edge imaging techniques. Designing and fabricating optical elements requires high precision and careful modeling. Novel additive manufacturing techniques such as 3D printing based on two-photon polymerization enable quick and flexible manufacturing of complex-shaped optics. Offered design freedom helps create various optics and waveguides,...