Black US law professor Kimberlé Crenshaw coined the term intersectionality in 1989. Birthed from the Black Feminist movement, intersectional feminism aims to eliminate discrimination across the board, not just against women. Intersectionality describes simultaneous multiple discrimination on the basis of gender, race, ethnicity, age, class, and disability, making it a useful tool for analysing...
Anne Forker has studied physics from 2002-2010 and when she left, she thought it would be a goodbye for good. She spent her week days working in IT and her weekends learning about emergency medicine, reenacting accidents and volunteering with Red Cross and the German Agency for Technical Relief as well as a local mosque. However, the Corona pandemic brought an end to the membership at the...
The Standard Model has been proven to be valuable theory for explaining the funda-
mental principles of particle physics, however, some open questions still remain. Amongst
other things, these questions revolve around neutrinos, particularly why they are so much
lighter than other leptons. Furthermore, the Standard Model only contains left-handed
neutrinos, as right-handed ones, also known...
The development of vertex and tracking detectors for future lepton colliders faces various challenges regarding time and position resolution while maintaining a low material budget and the capability to process high particle rates. In this context, one method to improve the position resolution of a sensor is to reduce the pitch size. This approach also allows to maintain a small position...
We are searching for long-lived Axion-Like Particles produced in association with a top-antiquark pair, in proton-proton collisions with the CMS detector at the LHC. Compared to inclusive searches for a displaced vertex, top quark-associated signals offer new trigger options and an extra handle to suppress background. The search strategy includes axion-like particle decays to a displaced...
With the start of Run 3 data taking the standard pileup mitigation technique for the CMS Collaboration is the Pileup Per Particle Identification (PUPPI) algorithm. Recently, the track-vertex
association in PUPPI was optimised in order to recover an inefficiency for hadronically decaying 𝜏 leptons at low transverse momentum (𝑝𝑇). The jet energy scale and resolution are sensitive to many...
The Earth is constantly hit by energetic particles originating from galactic sources. The flux of these particles is altered by the magnetized solar wind in the heliosphere. These modulation effects occur on different timescales: long-term variations are driven by the 11-year solar cycle, while short-term decreases are caused by transient structures such as Forbush decreases (FDs).
In this...
Geschlecht geht weit über Männer, Frauen und das sogenannte „dritte“ Geschlecht hinaus, geschlechtsspezifische Diskriminierung ebenso. Insbesondere in der höheren Bildung und klassischen „Männerberufen“ wie den Naturwissenschaften sorgt diese Ungleichheit für alltägliche Probleme und behindert Lehre, Forschung und Wissenschaft.
Der Vortrag bietet einen kurzen Überblick über die Vielfalt von...
Polaritonic quasiparticles in two-dimensional (2D) materials have emerged as a powerful platform for studying light–matter interactions and mediating novel photon- and phonon-driven correlations between electronic excitations. In this work, we employ electron beam-based techniques to probe exciton and plasmon polaritons across a diverse set of 2D materials, including transition metal...
Fusion — the process in which atomic nuclei combine to form heavier elements — releases immense energy and represents a key frontier in the pursuit of sustainable energy. This talk will provide an overview of fusion research, introducing fundamental concepts and highlighting significant progress toward the development of viable fusion reactors. It will also explore both historic milestones and...
Nuclear fusion offers the prospect of a sustainable and base load capable source of energy, produced in a high-temperature plasma of deuterium and tritium. One of the most advanced approaches to achieve reactor-relevant conditions is magnetic confinement of the plasma. In the tokamak configuration, the plasma is enclosed in an axisymmetric toroidal magnetic field, established using external...
MoS$_2$ has recently emerged as a promising material for enabling quantum devices and spintronic applications. In this context, the demonstration of resistively detected electron spin resonance (RD-ESR) and the determination and improved physical understanding of the g factor are of great importance. However, its application and RD-ESR studies have been limited so far by Schotttky or...
Junge Frauen sind in Physik ab der Sekundarstufe II nach wie vor unterrepräsentiert. Sie zeigen ein vergleichsweise geringeres Interesse an Physik und sind bei gleicher Leistung in geringerem Maße als zum Beispiel junge Männer davon überzeugt, physikalische Aufgaben mit ihren Fähigkeiten bewältigen zu können. Dies ist problematisch, da sowohl fundierte Physikkenntnisse als auch vielfältige...
Controlling light–matter interactions at the molecular level is a fundamental challenge in physics, with broad implications for chemistry and material science. Selective electronic excitation becomes particularly challenging within molecular mixtures, especially when species share nearly identical UV/VIS absorption spectra. We demonstrate how Vibrationally Promoted Electronic Resonance (VIPER)...
The Physics Project Days are a four-day workshop for female high school students to encourage them to study physics, but above all to give them the self-confidence that they are capable of doing physics. Through hands-on experimentation in various physics disciplines, including particle physics, laser physics, plasma physics, and nanoscience, participants engage with cutting-edge research...
electronCT (eCT) is a new imaging method, which uses multiple scattering of electrons to determine the material budget of objects. This imaging method could be used in the context of FLASH radiotherapy with very high energy electrons (50-250 MeV). A pencil beam of MeV electrons is aimed at an object and the widening of the beam is measured, where the widening of the beam is dependent on the...
Topological nanophotonic systems offer robust light propagation modes with immunity to defects, holding promise for quantum technologies and advanced optical devices.[1] However, designing such structures under nonplanar excitation remains computationally intensive due to high-dimensional design spaces and nonlinear interactions. I introduce a physics-informed deep learning framework that...
Large language models (LLMs) are now widely accessible, reaching learners at all educational levels. Their rapid adoption has sparked concerns that students may use them in ways that bypass essential learning processes and undermine the integrity of established assessment formats. In physics education, where problem solving is at the heart of both teaching and assessment, these concerns are...
Synopsis
We attempted to implement a whole-brain NAA (wbNAA) spectroscopy sequence in a vendor-agnostic environment. During the 16 repeated acquisitions, we observed large fluctuations of the water signal exceeding 50%. It was demonstrated that these instabilities originate from the binomial 1¯3 3¯1 excitation pulse. Ongoing work aims to identify the underlying cause of this...
Despite the importance of Digital Data Acquisition (DDA) for research in the physical sciences and in our daily lives, physics teachers seem to shy away from utilizing these tools for their teaching on a regular basis. With the aim of supporting teachers in planning and implementing DDA in their lessons, we developed a multi-part professional development program (PD), where teachers can...
Precision agriculture, which involves the use of sensors, information databases, and high-tech machinery, can improve agricultural productivity achieving high yields with targeted fertilization. Today, soil nutrient measurements typically require manual soil sampling. First electrochemical sensors have been deployed in the field and show promising results, while still requiring manual...
Photoelectron spectra from strong-field ionization show features like
energy cutoffs and interference patterns, influenced by direct and
backscattered electrons [1]. The typical cut-offs at 2𝑈𝑝 and 10𝑈𝑝
can be explained within the famous three-step model, while quantum
inter- and intracycle interferences are typically associated with selfinterference
of direct or backscattered,...
Weather occurs primarily in the troposphere, where midlatitude forecasts are typically reliable for 5–10 days. In contrast, the stratosphere is more stable and evolves on longer timescales, allowing it to influence tropospheric variability over extended periods. Previous studies have shown that incorporating stratospheric information can improve surface weather predictability, especially...
Metallic microstructures have become a topic of great interest for many fields due to their conducting and magnetic properties. Conventional Direct Laser Writing (DLW) is a versatile method for additive manufacturing of microscale polymeric structures. Despite the fact that many applications would benefit from the ability to directly print metallic and especially ferromagnetic microstructures,...
The solar wind is a continuous stream of charges particles emitted by the Sun. Its properties are determined by the conditions in the solar corona. The solar wind contains the transition from a collisionless to a thermalized plasma. Thereby the solar wind provides the opportunity to investigate fundamental plasma processes and give insights into to solar corona. SOHO celebrates his 30th...
The structural and electronic properties of CrOx/Pt(111) films were investigated by LEED, XPS and LT-STM in combination with DFT calculations performed via a genetic algorithm [1]. Depending on the nominal Cr coverage and the oxygen-chemical potential during deposition, two unique oxide phases were identified. A (√3×√3)R30° phase emerges at sub-monolayer Cr-exposure and O-rich oxidation...
The marine ecosystem has gained significant public attention in recent years. The increased utilization of the oceans through offshore wind energy, deep-sea exploration for marine mining, or the laying of data, power, and gas lines presents, along with the economic use through fisheries, shipping, and aquaculture, an ever-growing challenge. Due to climate change, aspects of disaster and civil...
At the Small Quantum Systems (SQS) scientific instrument at the European X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL), ultrashort, intense soft x-ray pulses are used to irradiate and often multiple-ionize samples in the gas phase, such as atoms, molecules, or nanoparticles in a vacuum environment. To investigate those samples, various spectroscopic techniques are employed. One of them is Velocity Map...
Simulations and experimental measurements in physics and materials science routinely generate terabytes of heterogeneous data, much of which remains inaccessible beyond the original study. The widespread use of proprietary or program-specific file formats, combined with the failure to supply relevant metadata, reduces the reproducibility and extendability of available data, thereby violating...
Conventional photosensitizers (PSs) for photocatalysis are typically derived from rare and valuable precious metals, prompting the search for alternatives based on first-row transition metals [1, 2, 3]. Among these, iron-based photosensitizers emerge as potential candidates but are limited by their short-lived charge transfer states. To overcome this limitation, targeted ligand design is...
Homogeneous electrocatalysis based on transition metal complexes holds great potential for carbon dioxide utilization. In order to develop an efficient catalytic system, detailed knowledge about each step of the complex reaction chain is highly desirable. Until now, only long-lived intermediates have been observed. Therefore, the identification of short-lived intermediates and the...
Alternative Techniken werden seit vielen Jahrzehnten gefördert und
entwickelt um den Klimawandel aufzuhalten. Ebenso um autarke
Energieversorgung ohne fossile Energie zu ermöglichen, und zu
etablieren: Sonnen – und Windenergie zur Elektrizitäts-Gewinnung
sowie die Wasserstoffwende: Viele werden zwar weit verbreitet und
gefördert, doch manche vernachlässigt und vergessen. Die
Entwicklung...
This research was conducted as a Master’s thesis for University of Luxembourg at CERATIZIT Group, Luxembourg. Within the course of this research, the impact of impurities on the mechanical properties of cemented carbides together with their sintering behaviour are studied. The material studied here consists of submicron-sized grains as the hard phase with 10.3wt% of metallic binder. The...
