Bright ideas for a dark universe

21 Sept 2021, 00:00 → 24 Sept 2021, 13:00 Europe/Berlin

Main Auditorium (DESY Hamburg)

The annual DESY Theory Workshop is organized by the elementary particle physics community in Germany. The focus is on a topical subject in theoretical particle physics and related fields. More details can be found on the conference homepage .

The workshop features:

• plenary sessions of specialized talks by invited speakers.
• parallel sessions, allowing young researchers to present their work ( on Tuesday morning, Wednesday afternoon and Thursday afternoon ).
• The DESY Heinrich-Hertz-Lecture on Physics for public outreach

The workshop will take place in a hybrid format. Only a limited number of participants will be accepted on-site and will be notified in early September (mention in registration form wether you wish to come in-person). Other registrants will participate remotely.

 

2021-Theorie-Workshop Poster WEB.pdf

DESY THEORY WORKSHOP 2021 Hygienekonzept.pdf

Poster_Hertz_Lecture_2021.pdf

Restaurantlist_TWS_2021.pdf

Tuesday, 21 September

09:15 → 09:30 Welcome Cosmology

welcome_cosmo.pdf

09:15 → 09:30 Welcome Phenomenology

Conveners: Bibhushan Shakya (T (Cosmology)), Elina Fuchs (CERN), Fady Bishara (T (Phenomenology))

intro.pdf

09:15 → 09:30 Welcome String & Mathematical Physics

09:30 → 12:00 Parallel Session: Phenomenology

Conveners: Bibhushan Shakya (T (Cosmology)), Elina Fuchs (CERN), Fady Bishara (T (Phenomenology))

09:30 Simulating and unfolding LHC event with generative networks

Speaker: Anja Butter (ITP Heidelberg)

DESYTheo_AButter.pdf

09:50 Anomaly detection with CATHODE

N/A

Speaker: Matthias Schlaffer (University of Chicago)

Matthias_Schlaffer.pdf

10:05 Autoencoders for unsupervised anomaly detection in high energy physics

N/A

Speaker: Alessandro Morandini (RWTH Aachen University)

DESY_AE.pdf

10:20 Double Descent and Contrastive Learning

N/A

Speaker: Veronica Guidetti (T (Cosmology))

presentation_guidetti2.pdf

10:35 Coffee Break

11:00 Neutrino magnetic moment -- mass conundrum in the Light of Recent Experiments

N/A

Speaker: Sudip Jana (Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik)

DESY2021_Sudip.pdf

11:15 IceCube constraints on the scotogenic model

In radiative seesaw models such as the famous scotogenic model, neutrino masses are generated through loop contributions involving dark matter (DM) particles. We study the capture of these DM candidates in the Sun as well as their subsequent annihilation into SM neutrinos and compute the expected event rates at IceCube in its 86-string configuration. In particular, in the scotogenic model the two scalar components have a naturally small mass splitting, so that also inelastic scattering mediated by Z-bosons must be taken into account. Using a random scan, we find that for mass splittings below 500 keV the event rates reach 10 to $10^6$ events per year and can thus be tested in a dedicated IceCube analysis. Direct detection is found to be less sensitive in the inelastic scenario due to the limited DM velocity on Earth. Depending on time, other models and constraints will also be discussed.

Speaker: Thede de Boer

DESY_talk_de_boer.pdf

11:30 Probing Dirac vs Majorana nature of neutrinos at CE$\nu$NS experiments

Coherent Elastic Neutrino Nucleus Scattering (CE$\nu$NS) provide a novel window to probe new physics connected with the well established non-vanishing neutrino masses. In this talk we will discuss how in the presence of a transition magnetic moment of neutrinos the CE𝜈NS experiments have the potential to shed light on the nature of neutrinos: Dirac vs Majorana. In particular, we will take the NUCLEUS experiment as an example to demonstrate that through a study of differential energy distribution of the final states the CEνNS experiments can potentially achieve such a feat.

Speaker: Chandan Hati (Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany)

CH_CEvNS_DTW_2021.pdf

11:45 Fate of the Electroweak Symmetry in the Early Universe in Multi-Higgs models

N/A

Speaker: Maria Olalla Olea Romacho (T (Phenomenology))

Olea_Romacho_DTW2021.pdf

09:30 → 12:15 Parallel Sessions: Cosmology

09:30 Dark Photon and CMB data in our inhomogeneous universe

...

Speaker: Andrea Caputo (Tel Aviv University and Weizmann Institute)

Andrea_CaputoDesy.pdf

09:50 (Rel-)axion fragmentation

I will discuss the growth of quantum fluctuations of an axion field rolling down a potential with multiple minima. This effect is particularly relevant for the relaxion mechanism, in which provides an alternarive stopping mechanism, thus modifying the relevant parameter space. I will present new lattice results, and discuss some cosmological aspects.

Speaker: Enrico Morgante (JGU Mainz)

fragmentation-desy.pdf

10:05 Gravitational wave echo of relaxion trapping

To solve the hierarchy problem, the relaxion must remain trapped in the correct minimum, even if the electroweak symmetry is restored after reheating. In this scenario, the relaxion starts rolling again until the backreaction potential, with its set of local minima, reappears. Depending on the time of barrier reappearance, Hubble friction alone may be insufficient to retrap the relaxion in a large portion of the parameter space. Thus, an additional source of friction is required, which might be provided by coupling to a dark photon. The dark photon experiences a tachyonic instability as the relaxion rolls, which slows down the relaxion by backreacting to its motion, and efficiently creates anisotropies in the dark photon energy-momentum tensor, sourcing gravitational waves. We calculate the spectrum of the resulting gravitational wave background from this new mechanism, and evaluate its observability by current and future experiments. We further investigate the possibility that the coherently oscillating relaxion constitutes dark matter and present the corresponding constraints from gravitational waves.

Speaker: Dr Eric Madge (Weizmann Institute of Science)

animation_slide_5.mp4

animation_slide_6.mp4

slides.pdf

10:20 Production of Thermal Axions in the Early Universe

We study the thermal production of axions over different scales especially around the QCD and electroweak phase transitions in the early universe. We focus on the most motivated axion models (KSVZ and DFSZ) and investigate how the thermal history can influence on the production rate of hot axion as dark radiation. This can lead to predictions for the future measurements of the cosmic microwave background by experiments like CMB-S4.

Speaker: Dr Fazlollah Hajkarim (University of Padova, INFN)

fazlollah-hajkarim-desy-talk-2021.pdf

10:35 Coffee Break

11:00 Calculation of the solar axion flux and the KSVZ axion model landscape

The calculation of the solar axion flux has recently generated much attention, and it has been realised that axions can be powerful tools for studying solar metal abundances and magnetic fields.

The feasibility of such studies depends on our ability to accurately predict the solar axion flux. In this talk, I will present an overview of solar models and opacity codes and summarise the statistical and systematic uncertainties of the solar axion flux calculation from Primakoff, ABC, and plasmon interactions. I will discuss how previous calculations can be improved further e.g. by including electron degeneracy effects.

As a direct application, IAXO's ability to distinguish KSVZ axion benchmark models its prospects to tackle the solar abundance problem will be discussed. I will also comment on the broader landscape of KSVZ models and our recent efforts to catalogue them.

Speaker: Sebastian Hoof (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen)

2021_desy_theory_hoof.pdf

11:15 Statistical Analysis of the NDW=1 QCD Axion Mass Window from Topological Defects

This talk would be based on the paper by Sebastian Hoof, David J. E. Marsh and myself, that was uploaded on arXiv recently (https://arxiv.org/abs/2108.09563).

We review results from QCD axion string and domain wall simulations and propagate the associ-
ated uncertainties into the calculation of the axion relic density. This allows us to compare different
results in the literature and, using cosmological constraints, to perform statistical inference on the
axion mass window in the post-inflationary Peccei–Quinn symmetry breaking scenario. For dark
matter axions, this leads to a median dark matter axion mass of 0.50 meV, while the 95% cred-
ible interval at highest posterior density is between 0.48 and 0.52 meV. For simulations including
string-domain wall decays, these numbers are 0.22 meV and [0.16, 0.27] meV. Relaxing the condition
that axions are all of the dark matter, the axion mass window is completed by an upper bound of
around 80 meV, which comes from hot dark matter constraints. This demonstrates, at least from
the statistical perspective, that the axion mass can be constrained rather precisely once it is possible
to overcome the much larger systematic uncertainties.

Speaker: Jana Riess (Universtiy of Göttingen)

desy_theory_workshop_jana_riess_axion_topo_defects.pdf

11:30 Primordial gravitational waves revealed by a spinning axion

A fast-spinning axion can dominate the Universe at early times and generates the so-called kination era. The presence of kination imprints a smoking-gun spectral enhancement in the primordial gravitational wave (GW) background. Current and future-planned GW observatories could constrain particle theories that generate the kination phase. Surprisingly, the viable parameter space allows for a kination era at the PeV-EeV scale and generates a peaked spectrum of GW from either cosmic strings or primordial inflation, which lies inside ET and CE windows.

Speaker: Peera Simakachorn (UNI/TH (Uni Hamburg, Institut fuer Theoretische Physik))

DESY21_simakachorn.pdf

11:45 Cosmic Birefringence Signal from Axion-Like Dark Matter

Axion-like particles (ALPs) are leading dark matter candidates originally motivated by the strong CP problem and also arise in theories of string compactifications. We present a sensitive probe for ALPs as ultra-light dark matter - the birefringence in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). Birefringence arises from the oscillating ALP field's inhomogeneity and is also relevant for laboratory axion searches.
New constraints on the ALP-photon coupling are derived by theoretical treatment of oscillating ALPs across recombination and local observation along with comparison to observations. Our results give orders of magnitude improvement over prior constraints (CAST 2017), with even further prospects for upcoming cosmological birefringence observations. These limits, in hitherto unconstrained regions of the coupling vs. ALP mass parameter-space, are independent of assumed magnetic fields and relatively robust to ALP dark matter fraction.
Furthermore, recent tentative hints of a detection of cosmic birefringence in the CMB would imply the presence of parity-violating ALPs at specific combinations of ultra-light mass and ALP-photon coupling.

Speaker: Dr Pranjal Trivedi (University of Hamburg)

PranjalTrivedi_CosmolBiref_aDM_DTW_21Sep21_v2.key.pdf

PranjalTrivedi_CosmolBiref_aDM_DTW_21Sep21_v3pdf.pdf

12:00 SuperWimp Baryogenesis in MSSM

In this work, we have studied the production of baryon asymmetry and gravitino dark matter in contemporary times from the decay of the same source. In accomplishing a physical model to study these phenomenologies we have considered R-parity violating SUSY and the decay of Bino like neutralino which generates the baryon asymmetry and DM. In continuation of the previous work, we have added here the up squark contribution in addition to the down squark contribution in the present work. Moreover, we have also considered mixing cases among down or up squarks or in both the sectors with the most general complex mixing matrix having complex phases as well. Due to the presence of the complex phases in the mixing matrices besides bino and gluino phases, it can generate more asymmetry than the previous work. We have shown that we can lower the Bino and consequently the Gluino mass which can be accessed at the current collider setup at LHC. In addition to collider detection, we can access the model parameter space, which generates the correct value of the baryon asymmetry and DM abundance, in the near future at the neutron anti-neutron oscillation experiments by determining the oscillation time.

Speaker: Sarif Khan (Goettingen University)

desy-talk-sk.pdf

09:35 → 12:15 Parallel Sessions: String & Mathematical Physics

09:35 Holographic defect correlators from (almost) thin air

The AdS/CFT duality provides a correspondence between correlation functions at weak coupling on the gravity side and at strong coupling for its field theory counterpart. However correlation functions are notably hard to compute in this regime, and I report on how modern analytical bootstrap methods can be used in order to derive defect two-point functions up to next-to-leading order, by using minimal input from supergravity. I will specifically show how to obtain the correlator of two chiral primary operators in the presence of a Wilson-line defect in $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM.

Speaker: Julien Barrat (Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin)

09:55 Boundaries and Topological Twists of 3d N=4 SCFTs

3d N=4 theories are of particular interest as they admit various types of twists (topological-holomorphic). A framework with interesting implications is the one of topologically twisted 3d N=4 theories with holomorphic boundaries/defects. The significance of these configurations relies on the fact that local boundary operators form special Vertex operator algebras, the study of which can shed light on the structure of the topological bulk theory. A central question is the compatibility of such holomorphic boundary conditions with the bulk topological twist. In this talk I will discuss about certain aspects of such configurations using purely string theoretical and field theoretical approaches. To appear, in collaboration with I. Brünner and I. A. Saberi.

Speaker: Ioannis Lavdas (LMU Munich)

10:15 Holography, 1-Form Symmetries, and Confinement

I will discuss confinement in 4d $\mathcal{N=1}$ $SU(N)$ Super-Yang Mills from a holographic point of view, focusing on the 1-form symmetry and its relation to chiral symmetry breaking. We will see how to identify the topological couplings that determine the 1-form symmetry and its ’t Hooft anomalies from the 5d supergravity dual, obtained by truncation of the Klebanov-Strassler solution. One such coupling is a mixed 0-/1-form symmetry anomaly closely related to chiral symmetry breaking in gapped confining vacua. Finally, we will derive the IR 4d topological field theory, which realises chiral symmetry breaking and matches the mixed anomaly, from the dual gravity description.

Speaker: Marieke van Beest (University of Oxford)

DESY_presentation.pdf

10:30 Coffee Break

11:00 Multipoint Conformal Blocks from Gaudin models

In this talk, I will review our recent progress on the characterization of multipoint conformal blocks in any spacetime dimension $d$ and any OPE channel.
Our approach extends the standard four-point Casimir equations, introduced by Dolan and Osborn, to a set of higher-point eigenvalue equations of commuting operators that also measure quantum numbers associated with vertices of OPE diagrams.
We obtained the relevant set of commuting operators from special limits of Hamiltonians of Gaudin models, and we showed that in $d\ge 3$ their solutions require a distinguished basis of three-point tensor structures at every vertex. In the simplest example of comb-channel vertices, this basis corresponds to eigenfunctions of an elliptic Calogero-Sutherland-Moser model originally discovered by Etingof, Felder, Ma, and Veselov.

Speaker: Lorenzo Quintavalle (DESY)

Multipoint Conformal Blocks from Gaudin models.pdf

11:15 Defects in 3d N = 2 superconformal theories

The conformal bootstrap is a powerful, nonperturbative method to study
conformal field theories (CFTs). Advancements in especially the numerical bootstrap have led to extremely precise results for the computation of critical exponents in various CFTs, and the conformal bootstrap
has gained a lot of attention in recent years. The conformal bootstrap can be
generalized/modified to include defect CFTs: CFTs with extended objects that break the (super-)conformal symmetry group into a smaller (super-
)conformal subgroup. Defect theories appear in many places in theoretical
physics: from Wilson lines in high-energy string theory, to boundary CFTs
found in low-energy condensed matter physics.
We studied three-dimensional CFTs with N = 2 supersymmetry equipped
with different 1/2-BPS defects (boundary and line). Such theories allow two
types of boundaries, of which one can be analytically continued to d = 4, and
we bootstrapped the observables in the 4 − ε expansion. They also allow one
type of (twisted) line defect, of which we computed several observables using
numerical techniques.

Speaker: Philine Julia van Vliet (DESY)

Desy_Theory_Workshop_2021 (5).pdf

11:30 Bootstrapping Monodromy Defects in the Wess-Zumino Model

We use analytical bootstrap techniques to study supersymmetric monodromy de-
fects in the critical Wess-Zumino model. In preparation for our main result we first study two related systems which are interesting on their own: general monodromy defects (no susy), and the ε–expansion bootstrap for the Wess-Zumino model (no defects). For general monodromy defects we discuss some subtleties specific to the codimension two case. In particular, conformal blocks and the Lorentzian inversion formula have to be slightly modified in order to accommodate odd-spin operators that can have a non-zero one-point function. In the Wess-Zumino model we initiate the ε–expansion bootstrap for four-point functions of chiral operators, with the goal of obtaining spectral information about the bulk theory. We then proceed to tackle the harder technical problem of analyzing monodromy defects in the presence of supersymmetry. We use inversion formula technology and spectral data coming from our four-point function analysis, in order to completely bootstrap two-point functions of chiral operators at leading order in ε. Our result can be written in terms of novel special functions which we analyze in detail, and allows us to efficiently extract the CFT data that characterizes
the correlator.

Speaker: Aleix Gimenez Grau (DESY)

desy_workshop_2021.pdf

11:45 Correlators from unitarity in 1D CFT

In this brief talk I will show how to compute the CFT data and the four-point function in 1D CFTs from unitarity. First I will review the OPE inversion formula, which allows to recover the spectrum and OPE coefficients from the double discontinuity of a Regge bounded four-point function. Then I will explain how to use it to find the CFT data in a perturbative expansion around Generalized Free Field theory. In particular, I will focus on the computation of the contact diagram in theory up to one loop.

Speaker: Davide Bonomi (London City College)

12:00 N-point correlators in 1d CFT

One dimensional CFTs are an exceptional laboratory in which we can test novel techniques in order to solve higher dimensional CFTs. They are also interesting from an holographic point of view, as in the case of conformal line defects in 4d N=4 Super Yang-Mills. In this short talk, I will present a recursive prescription to compute, up to one loop, 4d N=4 SYM n-point correlation functions realised inserting protected operators on a 1/2-BPS Wilson line. Surprisingly, this relation also contains all the information needed to obtain any correlation function of non-protected operators and to extract their anomalous dimension.

Speaker: Giulia Peveri (Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin)

13:00 → 14:00 Lunch break

14:00 → 14:10 Welcome Plenary

WelcomeDESY-TH-workshop2021.pdf

14:10 → 17:15 Plenary Sessions

14:10 Gravitational waves as probes of new physics

Speaker: Pedro Schwaller

desy_theory_ws_2021.pdf

14:40 Gravitational waves from cosmic inflation

Speaker: Valerie Domcke

DESY theory workshop 2021 domcke.pdf

15:10 Gravitational waves from first order phase transitions in the early Universe.

Speaker: Mark Hindmarsh

G-Waves 2021 09 DESY.pdf

15:40 Coffee Break

16:15 Cosmology and new physics from large-scale structure.

Speaker: Marko Simonovic

simonovic.pdf

16:45 New Perspectives onto the Universe in the multi-messenger era

Speaker: Samaya Nissanke

18:00 → 19:00 Hertz Lecture: Cosmology and Astrophysics into the next decade

Hertz_Lecture_Zaldarriaga.pdf

18:00 Cosmology and astrophysics into the next decade.

Over the past decades we have seen remarkable improvements in our understanding of the Cosmos. We have been able to determine the composition of the Universe, its age and expansion history with outstanding precision. We have gathered very interesting clues about the initial conditions of the hot Big Bang and developed models that can explain them. We have discovered new phenomena and exotic objects and have been able to use them as tools to learn about Cosmology. This lecture will summarize our current understanding of the properties and history of our Universe and focus on some of the open questions in the field and describe some of the ongoing efforts to try to answer them.

Speaker: Matias Zaldarriaga

Wednesday, 22 September

09:15 → 12:55 Plenary Sessions

09:15 Neutrinos in cosmology.

Speaker: Yvonne Wong

Presentation1.pdf

09:45 Directional DM detection.

Speaker: Ciaran O'Hare

directionaldetection.pdf

10:15 Black Holes.

Speaker: Vitor Cardoso

DESY_Cardoso_2021.pdf

10:45 Coffee Break

11:15 Progress with thermal rates for dark matter and leptogenesis.

Speaker: Mikko Laine

desy21.pdf

11:45 On dark matter from a hidden sector.

Speaker: Michel Tytgat

DESY_Tytgat_2021.pdf

12:15 New Physics with Gravitational Waves

Speaker: Daniel Baumann

DESY-Workshop_Baumann.pdf

13:00 → 14:00 Lunch break

14:00 → 17:30 Parallel Session: Phenomenology

Conveners: Bibhushan Shakya (T (Cosmology)), Elina Fuchs (CERN), Fady Bishara (T (Phenomenology))

14:00 The on-shell SMEFTs

Speaker: Gauthier Durieux (CERN)

durieux-22sept2021-desy-th.pdf

14:20 Light-cone distribution amplitudes in QCD$\times$QED

Light-cone distribution amplitudes (LCDAs) of light and heavy mesons are universal hadronic objects that form an essential part of factorization theorems for hard exclusive particle decays. These are relevant for precise calculations of Standard Model processes which play an important role in the search for New Physics. Like parton distribution functions, LCDAs are process-independent quantities that contain non-perturbative information about the inner meson structure and evolve under the renormalization group. The standard definition of the LCDAs assumes the presence of QCD-only, neglecting electromagnetic effects at low energies. However, with the increasing precision of measurements at LHCb and Belle II, QED effects need to be considered. For non-leptonic, charmless $B$-meson decays, we recently generalized the definition of the LCDAs to QCD$\times$QED, leading to qualitatively new features. In this talk we present, mostly for light mesons, how QED affects the solution of the LCDA under scale evolution. In particular, we discuss the modification of the endpoint behaviour and the size of QED corrections for the inverse moments, which enter on the level of physical observables.

Speaker: Jan-Niklas Toelstede (Technical University of Munich)

DESYBrightIdeasJT.pdf

14:35 CP violating phases in the strong interaction

We derive correlation functions for massive fermions with a complex mass in the presence of a general vacuum angle. For this purpose, we first build the Green’s functions in the one-instanton background and then sum over the configurations of background instantons. The quantization of topological sectors follows for saddle points of finite Euclidean action in an infinite spacetime volume and the fluctuations about these. For the resulting correlation functions, we therefore take the infinite-volume limit before summing over topological sectors. In contrast to the opposite order of limits, the chiral phases from the mass terms and from the instanton effects come out to be aligned.

Speaker: Juan S. Cruz (Technical University Munich)

DESY-CPlimits.pdf

14:50 Top-quark fragmentation into a Higgs boson with next-to-leading order accuracy

N/A

Speaker: Colomba Brancaccio (RWTH)

DESYTheoryWorkshop_tthFragmentationFuncion.pdf

15:05 Towards automated SM NLO corrections for all colliders

N/A

Speaker: Pia Bredt (T (Phenomenology))

TheoryWSDesy.pdf

15:20 Phenomenological Impact of Non-Perturbative Effects for Colored Dark Sectors

We demonstrate the impact of non-perturbative effects on the Dark Matter (DM) production mechanism in simplified t-channel DM models. Specifically, we study the case of a Majorana fermion DM, coupled to the standard model (SM) quarks via a colored scalar.
For DM masses in the GeV-TeV range, direct detection experiments strongly constrain the DM coupling to the SM quarks. From a cosmological point of view, however, a large coupling to the SM is not mandatory if the mass splitting between the colored scalar and the DM candidate is sufficiently small. This region of the parameter space is subject to non-perturbative effects, namely the Sommerfeld effect and bound state formation via gluon emission, which can significantly enhance the effective DM (co)annihilation cross-section.
We present the impact of these effects on current and upcoming collider searches as well as on direct detection experiments.

Speaker: Emanuele Copello

DESY2021.pdf

15:35 Coffee Break

16:00 (g-2)𝜇, B anomalies and DM: a loop model tale

In this talk I will review how the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon and the B anomalies can be addressed by a combined explanation, by means of loop models characterized by minimal field content. Moreover, I will show how some of these model can also provide a viable DM candidate, accounting for the measured relic density while evading direct and indirect DM constraints.

Speaker: Marco Fedele (KIT)

Fedele_DESY.pdf

16:15 Explaining B-Anomalies from flavorful U(1)' extensions, safely

N/A

Speaker: Tom Steudtner (TU Dortmund)

Steudtner.pdf

16:30 QED factorization of two-body non-leptonic and semi-leptonic B to charm decays

Two-body non-leptonic $B$ decays with heavy-light final states, like $B_s \to D \pi$ and $B \to D K$, are among the theoretically cleanest non-leptonic decays as penguin loops do not contribute. They can be described using QCD factorization which relies on the heavy quark expansion. Advancing the theoretical calculations of such decays requires also a careful analysis of QED effects. In this talk we present a treatment of both virtual and ultrasoft real QED effects within a QCD $\times$ QED factorization framework of the non-leptonic and semi-leptonic $B$ to $D$ decays. In particular, due to recent discrepancies between theory and experimental data, we focus on ratios of non-leptonic over semi-leptonic decay rates, which are theoretically clean observables as the form factor dependence drops significantly. We found QED corrections to the amplitude to be at the sub-percent level, while at the level of the rate, ultrasoft photon effects can produce a correction up to a few percent, requiring a careful treatment of such effects in the experimental analyses.

Speaker: Gael Finauri (Physik Department T31, TUM)

QEDfactBtoDL.pdf

16:45 Interplay of dineutrino modes with semileptonic rare B-decays

N/A

Speaker: Hector Gisbert Mullor (TU Dortmund)

Desy_Theory_Workshop_HGisbert.pdf

17:00 Complementarity of muon charged lepton flavour violating processes in the MRSSM

The Minimal R-symmetric Supersymmetric Standard Model possesses interesting features, which makes it an attractive alternative to the MSSM. Some of them can be observed in and are reflected by the lepton flavour violation processes. Notably, there is no $\tan\beta$-enhancement for $g-2$ of the muon and other dipole operators, resulting in very different predictions for lepton observables compared to the MSSM.

In the view of forthcoming experiments the bounds obtained from muon $g-2$ and flavour violating observables on the model parameter regions are studied. In particular, we consider the influence of Yukawa-like lambda parameters of the superpotential and the off-diagonal entries of slepton mass matrices. Different scenarios are discussed, depending also on the mass spectra of the model and additional restrictions, imposed by the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. We focus on the interplay between $\mu\to e\gamma$, $\mu\to e$ conversion and $\mu\to 3e$ and $g-2$ of the muon and show that all of these observables are important to constrain the parameter space.

Speaker: Uladzimir Khasianevich (TU Dresden)

presentation.pdf

17:15 Supersymmetric Alignment Models for muon g-2

Hierarchical masses of quarks and leptons are addressed by imposing horizontal symmetries. In supersymmetric Standard Models, the same symmetries play a role in suppressing flavor violating processes induced by supersymmetric particles. Combining the idea of spontaneous CP violation to control contributions to electric dipole moments (EDMs), the mass scale of supersymmetric particles can be lowered. We present supersymmetric models with U(1) horizontal symmetries and discuss CP and flavor constraints. Models with two U(1) symmetries are found to give a viable solution to the muon g−2 anomaly. Interestingly, the parameter space to explain the anomaly will be probed by future electron EDM experiments.

Speaker: Motoo Suzuki (ICRR, The University of Tokyo)

motoo_suzuki.pdf

14:00 → 18:00 Parallel Sessions: Cosmology

14:00 Opening up the axion dark matter window with axion fragmentation

Fragmentation of the axion field may produce the observed DM abundance, which makes it possible for ALP DM to appear with lower values of the axion decay constant than those allowed by the conventional misalignment mechanism. Previously, kinetic misalignment has been proposed to open up this parameter space. We find that for a large range of parameters the field becomes fragmented before kinetic misalignment can take place. Additionally, we demonstrate how the initial velocity necessary for fragmentation can be delivered and study how the process may be constrained or tested via cosmological observables such as BBN and structure formation.

Speaker: Philip Soerensen (UNI/TH (Uni Hamburg, Institut fuer Theoretische Physik))

Axion Fragmentation - Philip Soerensen.pdf

14:15 Supernova bounds on axion-like particles coupled with nucleons and electrons

We investigate the potential of type II supernovae (SNe) to constrain axion-like particles (ALPs) coupled simultaneously to nucleons and electrons. ALPs coupled to nucleons can be efficiently produced in the SN core via nucleon-nucleon bremsstrahlung and, for a wide range of parameters, leave the SN unhindered, producing a large ALP flux.
For masses exceeding 1 MeV, these ALPs would decay into electron-positron pairs, generating a positron flux. In the case of Galactic SNe, the annihilation of the created positrons with the electrons present in the Galaxy would contribute to the 511 keV annihilation line. Using the SPI (SPectrometer on INTEGRAL) observation of this line, allows us to exclude a wide range of the axion-electron coupling, $10^{-19} < g_{ae} < 10^{-11}$, for $g_{ap}\sim 10^{-9}$. Additionally, ALPs from extra-galactic SNe decaying into electron-positron pairs would yield a contribution to the cosmic X-ray background. In this case, we constrain the ALP-electron coupling down to $g_{ae} \sim 10^{-20}$.

Speaker: Giuseppe Lucente (University of Bari, INFN Bari)

Lucente_DESY.pdf

14:30 Cosmic Birefringence Triggered by Dark Matter Domination

Recently, the Planck 2018 polarization data of cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation suggested the non-zero rotation angle of CMB polarization plane $\beta=0.35\pm0.14 {\rm deg}$, which is called cosmic birefringence. Cosmic birefringence is predicted if an axion-like particle (ALP) moves after the recombination. We show that this naturally happens if the ALP is coupled to the dark matter density because it then acquires a large effective mass after the matter-radiation equality. Our scenario applies to a broad range of the ALP mass, even smaller than the present Hubble constant. We give a simple model to realize this scenario where dark matter is made of hidden monopoles which give the ALP such a large effective mass through the Witten effect. The mechanism works if the ALP decay constant is of order the GUT scale without a fine-tuning of the initial misalignment angle.

Speaker: Shota Nakagawa (Tohoku University)

Shota_Nakagawa.pdf

14:45 Reshuffled SIMP Dark Matter

In this talk, we reanalyze the multi-component strongly interacting massive particle (mSIMP) scenario using an effective operator approach. As in the single-component SIMP case, the total relic abundance of mSIMP dark matter (DM) is determined by the coupling strengths of $3 \to 2$ processes achieved by a five-point effective operator. Intriguingly, we find that there is an unavoidable $2 \to 2$ process induced by the corresponding five-point interaction in the dark sector, which would reshuffle the mass densities of SIMP DM after the chemical freeze-out. We dub this DM scenario as reshuffled SIMP (rSIMP). Given this observation, we then numerically solve the coupled Boltzmann equations including the $3 \to 2$ and $2 \to 2$ processes to get the correct yields of rSIMP DM. It turns out that the masses of rSIMP DM must be nearly degenerate for them to contribute sizable abundances. On the other hand, we also introduce effective operators to bridge the dark sector and visible sector via a vector portal coupling. Since the signal strength of detecting DM is proportional to the individual densities, thereby, obtaining the right amount of DM particles is crucial in the rSIMP scenario. The cosmological and theoretical constraints for rSIMP models are discussed as well.

Speaker: Shu-Yu Ho (Korea Institute for Advanced Study)

rSIMP_DESY_SYH.pdf

15:00 Direct detection of light dark matter from evaporating primordial black holes

The direct detection of sub-GeV dark matter interacting with nucleons is hampered by the low recoil energies induced by scatterings in the detectors. This experimental difficulty is avoided in the scenario of boosted dark matter where a component of dark matter particles is endowed with large kinetic energies. In this Letter, we point out that the current evaporation of primordial black holes with masses from $10^{14}$ to $10^{16}$ g is a source of boosted light dark matter with energies of tens to hundreds of MeV. Focusing on the XENON1T experiment, we show that these relativistic dark matter particles could give rise to a signal orders of magnitude larger than the present upper bounds. Therefore, we are able to significantly constrain the combined parameter space of primordial black holes and sub-GeV dark matter. In the presence of primordial black holes with a mass of $10^{15}~\mathrm{g}$ and an abundance compatible with present bounds, the limits on DM-nucleon cross-section are improved by four orders of magnitude.

Speaker: Marco Chianese (University of Naples, Federico II)

Chianese_DESY.pdf

15:15 Dark Matter from Exponential Growth

We propose a novel mechanism for the production of dark matter (DM) from a thermal bath, based on the idea that DM particles $\chi$ can transform heat bath particles $\psi$: $\chi \psi \rightarrow \chi \chi$. For a small initial abundance of $\chi$ this leads to an exponential growth of the DM number density, in close analogy to other familiar exponential growth processes in nature. We demonstrate that this mechanism complements freeze-in and freeze-out production in a generic way, opening new parameter space to explain the observed DM abundance, and we discuss observational prospects for such scenarios.

Speaker: Dr Marco Hufnagel (ULB)

21_DTW.pdf

15:30 Coffee Break

16:00 Dark Matter and Electroweak Phase Transition in the Inert Doublet Model

In this talk, we will provide a comprehensive analysis of the prospect to realize Dark Matter (DM) and to enhance the Electroweak PhaseTransition (EWPhT) with an Inert Doublet. Taking the latest constraints from collider physics and direct-detection experiments into account, we will investigate the possibility of a strong first-order EWPhT via one or two steps in combination with a significant amount of the measured DM abundance both in the low-mass and in the high-mass regime, exploring also new regions of parameter space. We will find that the low-mass regime leads to a parameter space providing a significant DM abundance as well as to a strong first-order EWPhT without or with an intermediate stage during the EWPhT. On the contrary, the high-mass regime gives rise either to a significant amount of DM or to a strong first-order EWPhT, the latter being an integral part of EW baryogenesis to explain the present baryon-antibaryon asymmetry.

Speaker: Mr Sven Fabian (Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik)

DESY_Fabian.pdf

16:15 Islands in Multiverse Models

We consider multiverse models in two-dimensional linear dilaton-gravity theories as toy models of false vacuum eternal inflation. Coupling conformal matter we calculate the Von Neumann entropy of subregions. When these are sufficiently large we find that an island develops covering most of the rest of the multiverse, leading to a Page-like transition. This resonates with a description of multiverse models in semiclassical quantum cosmology, where a measure for local predictions is given by saddle point geometries which coarse-grain over any structure associated with eternal inflation beyond one's patch.

Speaker: Sergio Ernesto Aguilar Gutierrez (KU Leuven)

presentation_desy (1).pdf

16:30 Primordial black holes in an early matter-dominated era and stochastic inflation

We consider the possibility that the majority of dark matter in our Universe consists of black holes of primordial origin. We examine the effects of stochastic inflation and an early matter-dominated era on the abundance of these black holes. We show that the power spectrum of comoving curvature perturbations computed in stochastic inflation matches the result obtained by solving the Mukhanov-Sasaki equation at the linear level, even in the presence of an ultra-slow-roll phase. We also find a significant reduction in the required tuning of the parameters of the inflationary potential in the matter-dominated scenario, in contrast to the standard case of formation during radiation domination. We show that the stochastic background of primordial gravitational waves resulting from this mechanism could be detected by future space-based observatories.

Speaker: Julian Rey (IFT-UAM)

PBHs_Talk.pdf

16:45 Small Field Polynomial Inflation

In this talk, we will present a renormalizable polynomial inflation model, focusing on the small field scenario. We show that the CMB data can be fitted perfectly with a perturbated inflection-point. In particular, the running of the spectral index is predicted to be $\alpha \simeq -1.43 \times 10^{-3}$, which could be tested by next generation CMB experiment. We also analyze reheating through perturbative inflaton decays to either fermionic or bosonic final states via a trilinear coupling. We obtain a full parameter space by considering BBN constraint on reheating temperature and radiative stability of the inflaton potential. We find that the inflationary scale within the parameter space can be as low as $H_{\rm inf} \sim 1$ MeV, or as high as $\sim 10^{10}$ GeV. Similarly, the reheating temperature can lie between its lower bound of $\sim 4$ MeV and about $4 \times 10^8 \ (10^{11})$ GeV for fermionic (bosonic) inflaton decays. Our model is renormalizable and very simple, and can thus serve as the inflationary sector of some well motivated BSM scenarios.

Speaker: Yong Xu (Bethe Center for Theoretical Physics, Universität Bonn)

DESY2021_Xu.pdf

17:00 Listening to hot dark sector phase transitions

The observation of stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds from first-order phase transitions in the early Universe is promising to become a feasible test for high energy physics. In this talk, I will show how observable signals can be obtained from strong first-order phase transitions in a dark sector. If the dark sector is initially without thermal contact to the particle species of the Standard Model (SM), it can possibly have a higher temperature than the SM bath during the phase transition which will, in turn result in more energy being emitted in the form of gravitational radiation. However, the resulting signals will be diluted by the entropy injected into the SM bath when the dark sector decays. To illustrate these competing effects, I will consider a U(1) extension to the SM that allows for a phase transition testable with LISA and the Einstein Telescope.

Speaker: Carlo Tasillo (RWTH Aachen University)

2021_09_21_DESY_Turn_up_the_volume_Carlo_Tasillo.pdf

17:15 Primordial Black Holes from Confinement

A mechanism for the formation of primordial black holes is proposed. Here, heavy quarks of a confining gauge theory produced by de Sitter fluctuations are pushed apart by inflation and get confined after horizon re-entry. The large amount of energy stored in the QCD string connecting the quark pair leads to black-hole formation. These are much lighter and can be of higher spin than those produced by standard collapse of horizon-size inflationary overdensities. Other difficulties exhibited by such mechanisms are also avoided. Phenomenological features of the new mechanism are discussed as well as accounting for both the entirety of the dark matter and the super-massive black holes in the galactic centres. Under proper conditions, the mechanism can be realised in a generic confinement theory, including ordinary QCD. We discuss a possible string-theoretic realisation via D-branes. Interestingly, for conservative values of the string scale, the produced gravity waves are within the range of recent NANOGrav events. Simple generalisations of the mechanism allow for the existence of a significant scalar component of gravity waves with distinct observational signatures.

Speaker: Michael Zantedeschi (Max Planck Institute for Physik, Munich)

DESY 21.pdf

17:30 Dark Sector Spectroscopy at Neutrino Telescopes with Quantum-Gravitational Decoherence

We discuss the interplay of wave package decoherence and decoherence induced by quantum gravity via interactions with spacetime foam for high energy astrophysical neutrinos. In this context we point out a compelling consequence of the expectation that quantum gravity should break global symmetries, namely that quantum-gravity induced decoherence can provide both a powerful tool for the search for new particles, including totally decoupled backgrounds interacting only gravitationally, and at the same time a window into the intricacies of black hole information processing.

Speaker: Heinrich Paes (TU Dortmund)

QG-Deco-DESY.pdf

14:00 → 18:00 Parallel Sessions: String & Mathematical Physics

14:00 The FL bound and its implications

The Festina Lente (FL) bound arises from demanding that very large charged black holes in universes with a positive cosmological constant must decay without becoming singular. The FL bound states that the mass of all charged states is bounded from below by a scale set by the vacuum energy.
In this talk, I will first review the argument for the FL bound from charged black hole decay. I will discuss some of the pheno applications of the FL bound such as to the electroweak hierarchy problem and to Higgs physics. I will discuss the FL bound in a string theory context and go over what it implies for string compactifications with a positive cosmological constant generally and antibrane uplifts specifically.

Based on 1910.01648 and 2106.07650 .

Speaker: Gerben Venken (ITP Heidelberg)

FLimplicationsDESY.pdf

14:20 Gauged 2-form symmetries in 6D SCFTs coupled to Gravity

6D SCFTs admit a plethora of global symmetries that
specify subtle global properties, such as 2-form symmetries.
When coupled to gravity those symmetries are expected to be
either broken or gauged.
In this talk I present a simple geometric condition for the
later option to be the case that is applicable to (2,0) and
(1,0) theories. I give further evidence by relating such examples to gauged
1-form symmetries in lower dimensions via dualities.

Speaker: Paul-Konstantin Oehlmann (Uppsala University)

14:40 The anomaly that was not meant IIB

Type IIB supergravity famously has a discrete duality group,
which is an exact symmetry of the full type IIB string theory. This
symmetry has potential quantum anomalies, which could render the theory
inconsistent. In this talk I will describe how we computed these
anomalies in recent work, and show they are nonvanishing, but
remarkably, they can be cancelled by a subtle modification of the IIB
Chern-Simons term in what amounts to a new variant of the Green-Schwarz
mechanism. This can only happen because of some "miraculous
cancellations" that depend on the details of the IIB supergravity
spectrum. I will also describe alternative ways to cancel this anomaly,
presenting variant versions of IIB string theory which have the same IIB
supergravity as the low-energy limit, but which differ at the
nonperturbative level. These theories may or may not be in the
Swampland.

Speaker: Miguel Montero (Harvard)

15:00 Moduli stabilization near the boundary

In this talk we discuss a novel approach to moduli stabilization in Type IIB flux compactifications. Our strategy relies on recent insights about Calabi-Yau moduli spaces based on asymptotic Hodge theory. The crucial observation is that exponential corrections must be present near most boundaries in these moduli spaces. We then use these corrections to engineer new flux vacua with an exponentially small superpotential. These vacua are particularly relevant from the perspective of the KKLT scenario, and moreover feature interesting hierarchies in the masses of the moduli.

Speaker: Damian van de Heisteeg (Utrecht University)

Heisteeg DESY.pdf

15:15 Scale-separated AdS4 vacua of IIA orientifolds and M-theory

Obtaining string compactifications where the KK scale is much higher than the cosmological constant scale is quite challenging. Such a separation of scales is however necessary for the theory to be genuinely lower-dimensional.
In massive type IIA string theory there are such scale-separated vacua, e.g. the DGKT AdS$_4$ solutions. It has been shown recently that the classical orientifold backreaction in these vacua can be tuned small. In this talk I show that massless IIA on the other hand allows both weakly and strongly coupled AdS$_4$ vacua that exhibit scale separation and for which the backreaction can be tuned small as well. I will give evidence that the strongly coupled solutions can be lifted to scale separated and sourceless (but classically singular) geometries in 11D supergravity.

Speaker: Vincent Van Hemelryck (KU Leuven)

ScaleSep_DESY0921.pdf

15:30 Coffee Break

16:00 Landau Discriminant

Scattering amplitudes in quantum field theories have intricate analytic properties as functions of the energies and momenta of the scattered particles. In perturbation theory, their singularity structure is governed by nonlinear polynomial systems known as Landau equations. In this work we introduce several tools from computational algebraic geometry to solving Landau equations for any individual Feynman diagram. Singularity locus of the associated Feynman integral is made precise with the notion of the Landau discriminant. In order to solve it, we discuss two basic approaches from classical elimination theory, as well as a new algorithm based on tools from numerical nonlinear algebra such as homotopy continuation. These methods allow us to compute Landau discriminants of various Feynman diagrams up to $3$ loops, including the envelope diagram whose Landau discriminant is a reducible surface of degree $45$ in the space of kinematic invariants $\mathbb{P}^3$. In addition, we construct Landau polytopes in order to study degenerations of Landau equations and exemplify them on the family of banana diagrams. As a byproduct, we provide an efficient algorithm for the computation of the number of master integrals based on the connection to algebraic statistics.

Speaker: Sebastian Mizera (IAS Princeton)

Landau Discriminants.pdf

16:20 The Hypersimplex VS the Amplituhedron via T-Duality

This work is about a duality between two seemingly unrelated objects. The hypersimplex $\Delta_{k+1,n}$ -- a polytope of dimension $n-1$ in $\mathbb{R}^n$ -- has been the center of attention of both mathematicians and physicists, in connection with the moment map, torus orbits in the Grassmannian, tropical geometry and cluster algebras. Meanwhile, the amplituhedron $\mathcal{A}_{n,k,2}$ -- a full-dimensional subset of the Grassmannian $\mbox{Gr}_{k,k+2}$ (not a polytope!) -- was introduced by A.Hamed and Trnka in the context of the physics of scattering amplitudes in $\mathcal{N}=4$ super Yang-Mills theory (SYM). Surprisingly, as was first discovered in the work by Lukowski-Parisi-Williams [LPW], these two objects are closely related by a combinatorial-geometric incarnation of T-duality from String Theory, responsible for the Amplitudes/Wilson loops duality in $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM.
In this work, exploiting T-duality, we both draw new striking connections between $\Delta_{k+1,n}$ and $\mathcal{A}_{n,k,2}$ and discover new properties of them. We show that inequalities cutting out positroid polytopes -- images of positroid cells in the hypersimplex -- translate into sign conditions characterizing the T-dual Grasstopes -- images of positroid cells in the amplituhedron. Moreover, we subdivide the amplituhedron into chambers, just as the hypersimplex can be subdivided into simplices - both enumerated by the Eulerian numbers, and related by T-duality. We use these properties to prove the main conjecture of [LPW]: a collection of positroid polytopes triangulates the hypersimplex if and only if the collection of T-dual Grasstopes triangulates the amplituhedron. As corollaries, some class of nice triangulations can be obtained from BCFW recursions and the positive tropical Grassmannian $\mbox{Trop}^+\mbox{Gr}_{k+1,n}$ -- both central in computations of scattering amplitudes.
Along the way, we also prove several more conjectures: Arkani-Hamed--Thomas--Trnka's conjecture that $\mathcal{A}_{n,k,2}$ can be characterized using sign-flips, Lukowski--Parisi--Spradlin--Volovich's conjectures about generalized triangles (Grasstopes in a triangulation of $\mathcal{A}_{n,k,2}$), and (a generalization of) $m=2$ cluster adjacency. Finally, we discover novel cluster-algebraic structures in the amplituhedron -- motivated by finding a geometric origin to cluster phenomena appearing in $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM, and beyond.

This is based on joint work with M. Sherman-Bennett and L. K. Williams (Preprint, arXiv: 2104.08254).

Speaker: Matteo Parisi (University of Oxford)

T_Duality__the_Hypersimplex_VS_the_Amplituhedron__Bright_Ideas_Dark_Universe_Matteo_Parisi.pdf

16:40 Loops in (A)dS/CFT

In this talk we will analyse loop corrections to a conformally coupled scalar field with a quartic self-interaction in $(A)dS_4$ from a holographic perspective. First we will remark on the similarities and differences of quantum field theory in $AdS$ and $dS$. We will then calculate the quantum corrections to the four point function and give a formula for the anomalous dimensions of the dual double trace operators. The method we use is a direct evaluation of the corresponding Witten diagrams which is in contrast to the usual method using Mellin space techniques. We will conclude by comparing both methods. This talk is partially based on JHEP 02 (2021) 151

Speaker: Till Heckelbacher (LMU Munich)

presentation_1.pdf

16:55 Coffee Break

17:05 Pure Spinors and 11D Supergravity

11D supergravity has been conjectured to be the low-energy limit of a fundamental theory, also known as M-Theory, which would contain non-perturbative information of string theory. In this talk, I will discuss the so-called 11D pure spinor superparticle whose quantization describes 11D supergravity in its antifield formulation. Since scattering amplitudes require the introduction of vertex operators carrying different ghost numbers, I will explain how such operators are constructed and the obstacle found when trying to define a ghost number zero operator, as well as the consequence of this issue on the pure spinor description of M-Theory.

Speaker: Max Guillen (Uppsala University)

DESY-talk.pdf

17:25 Worldsheet Correlators in AdS3

We revisit the computation of string correlation functions in AdS3 with pure NS-NS flux from a worldsheet point of view. These correlators contain all the perturbative information about the spacetime CFT and the existence of winding strings in AdS3 makes them very rich. We propose a solution to the problem of computing these correlators. The winding correlators encode information about branched covering maps from the worldsheet to the boundary of AdS3. Consistency of this proposal leads to many new and non-trivial relations for branched covering maps. I will discuss the properties of the correlators in detail. In some limiting cases one can compute the full string correlators and explore the spacetime CFT directly.

Speaker: Lorenz Eberhardt (IAS Princeton)

Talk DESY workshop.pdf

17:45 Localization and protected subsectors

In general it is extremely difficult to obtain exact non-perturbative information about the operator product expansion (OPE) of a given CFT. In this quest protected sectors play an incredibly important role as in some cases they allow us to obtain the full answer for a subset of the operators in the theory. Important examples of this phenomenon occur in 4d $\mathcal{N}=2$ and 6d $\mathcal{N}=(2,0)$ SCFT in which the correlation functions for a subset of operators are governed by a chiral algebra. In this talk I will focus on the 6d case and show how this chiral algebra can be obtained through localization. This approach allows us to extend our computations to CFTs in different backgrounds beyond flat space.

Speaker: Pieter Bomans (University of Padova)

Thursday, 23 September

09:15 → 12:25 Parallel Session: Phenomenology

Conveners: Bibhushan Shakya (T (Cosmology)), Elina Fuchs (CERN), Fady Bishara (T (Phenomenology))

09:15 Dark universe from (primordial) black holes

Speaker: Rudin Petrossian-Byrne (University of Oxford )

DESY_blackholes.pdf

09:35 Dark matter phenomenology in two higgs doublet model with a complex scalar singlet

Extensions of the two higgs doublet models with a singlet scalar can easily accommodate all current experimental constraints and are highly motivated candidates for Beyond Standard Model Physics. It can successfully provide a dark matter candidate, explain baryogenesis and provide gravitational wave signals. In this work, we focus on the dark matter phenomenology of the two higgs doublet model extended with a complex scalar singlet which serves as the dark matter candidate. We study the variations of the dark matter observables, i.e relic density and direct detection cross-section, with respect to the model parameters. We obtain a few benchmark points in the light and heavy dark matter mass region. We are also currently studying possible signatures of this model at current and future colliders and the possibility to distinguish this model from
other new physics scenarios.

Speaker: Juhi Dutta (UNI/TH (Uni Hamburg, Institut fuer Theoretische Physik))

JuhiDutta_DESY2.pdf

09:50 NLO electroweak potentials for minimal DM and beyond

In this talk, I will discuss the one-loop correction to the static potential induced by photon, Z or W-boson exchange at tree-level for arbitrary SM multiplets. The correction is relevant, e.g., in the Sommerfeld effect calculation for heavy WIMP annihilation. We discuss the "Casimir-like" scaling of the result that makes the NLO correction a "low-energy" property of the SM gauge bosons. Furthermore, we present the phenomenology of the NLO correction and the analytically known asymptotic limits.

Speaker: Kai Urban (TU Munich)

urban_desyth21.pdf

10:05 Tau-sleptons - a key role in dark matter coannihilations?

We investigated stau-antistau annihilation into heavy quarks in the phenomenological MSSM within the DM@NLO collaboration. This SUSY-QCD precision calculation, enhanced by a QED Sommerfeld resummation, turned out to have several interesting applications: Claiming the lightest neutralino to be a main dark matter constituent, there are promising, non-excluded SUSY scenarios that demand higher-order corrections of stau-coannihilations when computing the relic density. On the other hand, also in gravitino dark matter physics we show the important role of the staus, whose NLO corrections are inevitable for reliable predictions.
Moreover, we illustrate the often neglected dependence of the cross section on renormalisation scheme and scale. Our variations aim to show how strongly the prediction of the dark matter relic density is affected by such theoretical uncertainties, which can be cured by taking higher-order corrections into account.

Speaker: Mr Johannes Branahl (WWU Münster)

10:20 Spin-2 mediated Dark Matter in Warped Extra-Dimensions

We present a study of spin-2 mediated scalar dark matter. As a blueprint, we work in a warped extra-dimensional model such that the mediator(s) are the massive spin-2 Kaluza-Klein (KK) modes of the 5D graviton. On top of Standard Model particles, we focus on dark matter annihilations into KK-gravitons. Due to the longitudinal modes of the massive gravitons, any truncation of the KK-tower leads to a tremendous growth of the amplitude at large center of mass energies √s, which heavily impacts any phenomenological analysis. For the first time, we include the full KK-tower in this dark matter production process and find that this growth is unphysical and cancels once the full field content of the extra-dimensional theory is taken into account. Interestingly, this implies that it is not possible to approximate the results obtained in the full theory with a reduced set of effective interactions once √s is greater than the lightest massive graviton. This casts some doubt on the universal applicability of previous studies with spin-2 mediators within an EFT framework and prompts us to revisit the phenomenological allowed parameter space.

Speaker: Mr Arturo de Giorgi (Institute of Theoretical Physics - IFT (Madrid))

Spin2_Mediated_DM.pdf

10:35 Dark Matter Phenomenology of 1-Loop Solutions to the R_K anomaly

N/A

Speaker: Mathias Becker (TU Dortmund)

DESY21_MB.pdf

10:50 Coffee Break

11:15 Long-lived particles and portal EFTs

Long-lived particles appear in the Standard Model (SM) and are a common feature of its hidden sector extensions.
The accelerator phenomenology of such models is dominated by the often long-lived messenger fields, as they interact directly with the SM.
Portal effective field theories, extend the usual effective theories of the SM to include generic interactions with messenger fields to arbitrary hidden sectors.

Speaker: Jan Hajer (UCLouvain)

Long-lived particles and portal EFTs

11:35 Looking Forward to New Physics with the Forward Physics Facility

N/A

Speaker: Felix Kling (DESY)

FPF@DESY-09_21.pdf

11:55 Portal Chiral Perturbation Theory

Hidden sector induced light meson transitions are a powerful probe for new physics at low-energy fixed target experiments such as NA62. To help study such interactions, we use the portal effective theory framework to construct a portal chiral perturbation theory at leading order that couples the light pseudoscalar mesons to a gauge-singlet messenger of spin 0, 1/2, or 1. We then compute general transition amplitudes of three golden channels for hidden sector searches at fixed-target experiments.

Speaker: Dr Philipp Klose (Bern University)

klose_desy_2021.pdf

12:10 GAZELLE, a long-baseline detector for Belle II

N/A

Speaker: Ruth Schäfer (U. Heidelberg)

GAZELLE@DESY_Sept23.pdf

09:15 → 12:35 Parallel Sessions: Cosmology

09:15 Bubble wall velocities in local thermal equilibrium

The bubble wall velocity in first-order cosmological phase transitions is crucial for phenomenological studies of, for example, the production of stochastic gravitational waves and electroweak baryogenesis. It is commonly expected that a friction force on the bubble wall can only arise from out-of-equilibrium effects. Here we study the bubble wall motion in local thermal equilibrium. We resolve some apparent contradictions in the calculations and their interpretation and show that the recently proposed effective friction in local equilibrium originates from inhomogeneous temperature distributions. Further, we propose a new matching condition from local entropy conservation. With this, we are able to determine the bubble velocities in local equilibrium numerically.

Speaker: Wen-Yuan Ai

bubble_wall_DESY.pdf

09:30 Primordial Black Hole Dark Matter evaporating on the Neutrino Floor

Primordial black holes hypothetically generated in the first instants of life of the Universe are potential dark matter candidates. Focusing on primordial black holes masses in the range $[5 \times 10^{14} − 5\times 10^{15}]$g, we point out that the neutrinos emitted by primordial black holes evaporation can interact through the coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering producing an observable signal in multi-ton dark matter direct detection experiments. We show that with the high exposures envisaged for the next-generation facilities, it will be possible to set bounds on the fraction of dark matter composed by Primordial black holes improving the existing neutrino limits obtained with Super-Kamiokande. We also quantify to what extent a signal originating from a small fraction of dark matter in the form of primordial black holes would modify the so-called “neutrino floor”, the well-known barrier towards detection of weakly interacting massive particles as the dominant dark matter component.

Speaker: Roberta Calabrese (Università degli studi di Napoli "Federico II")

DESY 2021.pdf

09:45 Probing Leptogenesis using Gravitational Waves

Breaking of a $U(1)_{B-L}$ local symmetry, a feature that occurs in a wide variety of the Standard Model ultraviolet completions, can lead to generation of cosmic strings which can lead to an observable signal in gravitational waves (GWs). In this talk we will discuss how the GWs can be used to probe leptogenesis mechanism due to heavy neutrino decay. In particular, we will look into the impact of the cosmic string decay and the presence of a scalar field, that breaks the $U(1)_{B-L}$ symmetry and can decay into heavy neutrinos, on the thermal leptogenesis parameter space in the context of a potential positive GW signal at the upcoming experiments.

Speaker: Florian Heger

DESY_2021_Florian_Heger.pdf

10:00 Fractional Dark Energy

The fractional dark energy (FDE) model describes the accelerated expansion of the Universe through a non-relativistic gas of particles with a non-canonical kinetic term. This term is proportional to the absolute value of the three-momentum to the power of 3w, where w is simply the dark energy equation of state parameter, and the corresponding energy leads to an energy density that mimics the cosmological constant. This inverse momentum operator appears in fractional quantum mechanics and it is the inverse of the Riesz fractional derivative. The observed vacuum energy can be obtained through the integral of the Fermi-Dirac (or Bose-Einstein) distribution and the lowest allowed energy of the particles. Furthermore, a system of FDE particles may present negative absolute temperatures (NAT). NAT are possible in quantum systems and in cosmology, if there exists an upper bound on the energy. This maximum energy is one ingredient of the FDE model and indicates a connection between FDE and NAT, if FDE is composed of fermions. In this scenario, the equation of state parameter is equal to minus one and the transition from positive to negative temperatures could happen in the early Universe.

Speaker: Ricardo Landim (Techinical University of Munich)

FDE.pdf

10:15 Finding sound shells in LISA mock data

I discuss to what extend LISA can observe features of gravitational wave spectra originating from cosmological first-order phase transitions. I focus on spectra which are of the form of double-broken power laws. These spectra are predicted by hydrodynamic simulations and also analytical models such as the sound shell model. I argue that the ratio of the two break frequencies is an interesting observable since it can be related to the wall velocity while overall amplitude and frequency range are often degenerate for the numerous characteristics of the phase transition. The analysis uses mock data obtained from the power spectra predicted by the simplified simulations and the sound shell model and analyzes the detection prospects using chi^2 -minimization and likelihood sampling. I point out that the prospects of observing two break frequencies from the electroweak phase transition is hindered by a shift of the spectrum to smaller frequencies for strong phase transitions.

Speaker: Jorinde Marjolein van de Vis (T (Cosmology))

TheoryWSJvdV.pdf

10:30 Melting cosmic strings and gravitational waves

Appearance of cosmic strings in the early Universe is a common manifestation of new physics typically linked to some high energy scale. In this talk, I will discuss a different situation, where a model underlying cosmic string formation is approximately scale free. String tension is naturally related to the square of the temperature of the hot primordial plasma in such a setting, and hence decreases with (cosmic) time. With gravitational backreaction neglected, the dynamics of these melting strings in an expanding Universe is equivalent to the dynamics of constant tension strings in a Minkowski spacetime. I will provide an estimate for the emission of gravitational waves from string loops. Contrary to the standard case, the resulting spectrum is markedly non-flat and has a characteristic falloff at frequencies below the peak one. The peak frequency is defined by the underlying model and lies in the range accessible by the future detectors for very weak couplings involved.

Speaker: Sabir Ramazanov

Sabir_DESY.pdf

10:45 Coffee Break

11:15 Cosmological tensions: hints for a new concordance model?

Speaker: Eleonora Di Valentino (Durham University )

divalentino.pdf

11:35 High-redshift cosmology with intensity mapping

Intensity Mapping (IM) of line emission targets the Universe from present
time up to redshifts beyond ten when the Universe reionized and the first
galaxies formed, from small to largest scales. Similar to CMB measurements,
the power spectra of intensity fluctuations inform about the underlying cosmology;
imagine the information encoded in thousands of intensity maps at
different redshifts and for multiple emission lines, forming full tomographic
lightcones. In this talk I review IM as a test for cosmology and fundamental
physics during cosmic dawn and the epoch of reionization. I show how power
and cross-power spectra as well as global temperature measurements probe
our cosmology, properties of dark matter and of astrophysical sources. The
measurement of deviations from the gravitational constant G and a possible
dark matter – dark energy coupling are highlighted in general modified gravity
scenarios. The ability of upcoming instruments like the SKA to constrain
these modifications is demonstrated. If time permits, going beyond ’traditional’ summary statistics, I furthermore show how neural networks are able to directly
infer e.g. dark matter and astrophysical properties from such tomographic
line fluctuation lightcones without an underlying Gaussian assumption.

Speaker: Caroline Samantha Heneka (not set)

DESY-IM-Heneka.pdf

11:50 Easing the sigma8-tension with neutrino-DM interactions

The $\sigma_8$-tension of Planck data with weak lensing and redshift surveys is one of the main problems with the $\Lambda$CDM model of cosmology. We show that the tension can be alleviated by introducing an interaction between dark matter and neutrinos. We model the interaction using a linear Boltzmann treatment, introducing a novel implementation that for the first time uses the full massive neutrino hierarchy. We also provide upper limits on the interaction cross-section between neutrinos and dark matter.

Based on arXiv:2011.04206

Speaker: Markus Mosbech (The University of Sydney)

Bright ideas for a dark universe DESY 2021.pdf

12:05 Understanding the spectrum of GRB 190114C

The recent very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray observations of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) in their afterglow phase motivate a review of the established fireball model in which a relativistic blast wave accelerates electrons in the forward shock, which then radiate via the synchrotron process and inverse Compton scattering on these synchrotron photons (synchrotron self-Compton). We use the rich observations of GRB 190114C ranging from X-ray (keV) to VHE gamma-rays (TeV) to investigate the properties of the radiating electron distribution assuming a single emitting zone. We present preliminary modeling considering the landscape of solutions finding consistency with the multi-wavelength observations, and consider the implications of these different solution groups.

Speaker: Marc Klinger (Z_THAT (Theoretische Astroteilchenphysik))

Klinger_GRB190114C.pdf

12:20 Energy minima as a model for Dark Matter haloes

Analytical models of structure formation are an important tool, complementary to N-body simulations, to investigate the formation of Dark Matter structures and the dependence of their statistics on cosmological parameters. They rely on some non-linear map, typically inferred from spherical collapse, to relate topological features of the initial density field (number of maxima, minima, saddles, critical points...) to different types of structures and events (halos, voids, filaments, mergers...) in the cosmic web.
Conventional models are based on the heuristic assumption that virialized structures originate from initial regions that are maxima of the smoothed matter density field.
I will describe how shifting the focus from the initial density to the initial energy field, and characterizing protohalos from the minimization of the energy, provides: 1) a more physically sound model, 2) a better mathematical behavior, and 3) a better description of the location and shape of protohalo patches found in N-body simulations.

Speaker: Marcello Musso (T (Theorie))

DESY-TH-workshop.pdf

09:15 → 12:40 Parallel Sessions: String & Mathematical Physics

09:15 Three-Body Effective Potential in General Relativity at 2PM and Resulting PN Contributions

In this talk, I will talk about the Post-Newtonian expansion of the gravitational three-body effective potential at the 2nd Post-Minkowskian order. At order 2PM a formal result is given in terms of a differential operator acting on the maximal generalized cut of the one-loop triangle integral. We perform the PN expansion unambiguously at the level of the integrand. Finding agreement with the 2PN three-body potential after integration, we explicitly present new G^2 v^4-contributions at order 3PN and outline the generalization to G^2 v^{2n}. The integrals that represent the essential input for these results respect a non-local Yangian symmetry and are obtained by applying the recent bootstrapping method directly to their ε-expansion around three dimensions. The coordinate space Yangian generator that we employ to obtain these integrals can be understood as a special conformal symmetry in a dual momentum space. If time permits, I will also talk about our work in progress on finding such integrals of generic half-integer propagator powers.

Speaker: Tianheng Wang (Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin)

09:35 Six-Loops in N=4 super-Yang-Mills Theory

We construct the complete (planar and non-planar) integrand for the
six-loop four-point amplitude in maximal $D\le10$ super-Yang-Mills.
This construction employs new advances to help combat the
proliferation of state-sums and loops in the evaluation of
multi-loop $D$-dimensional unitarity cuts. Concretely, we introduce
two graph-based approaches, applicable in a range of theories, to
evaluating generalized unitarity cuts in $D$ dimensions: 1)
recursively from lower-loop cuts, or 2) directly from known
higher-loop planar cuts. Neither method relies on explicit state
sums or any sewing of tree-level amplitudes. The first method
meshes particularly well with the Method of Maximal Cuts to allow
direct construction of the complete six-loop integrand

Speaker: Alex Edison (Uppsala University)

desy_sixloops.pdf

09:55 Feynman Integrals and Calabi-Yau Mathematics

In this talk I will show how concepts from Calabi-Yau geometry and especially Calabi-Yau motives can be used for computations of multi-loop Feynman integrals. This will be exemplified with the so called banana graphs. First, I will give a short introduction to Feynman integrals and Calabi-Yau manifolds. Then we will see how the mathematics of Calabi-Yau manifolds (variations of Hodge structures, Griffiths transversality, $\widehat \Gamma$-class, ...) constrain or even determine the corresponding Feynman integral, here the banana graphs. At the end I will also shortly explain how the banana integrals can be solved in dimensional regularization in the equal- as well as in the generic-mass case.

Speaker: Christoph Nega (BCTP, University of Bonn)

HamburgDarkUniverse_Alles.pdf

10:15 S-folds : global issues and symmetry breaking

Non-geometric solutions of type IIB supergravity - called S-folds - have recently attracted a lot of attention. They are of particular interest as they can easily be seen as solutions of 4D and 5D gauged maximal supergravity. Moreover, they are conjectured to be the holographic dual of certain localized interfaces in SYM$_4$.
In this talk we will review such solutions and focus on their symmetry breaking pattern by exactly marginal deformations. Using Exceptional Field Theory this will reveal a surprising behavior as apparently non-compact deformations in 4D are realized as periodic deformations of the 10D uplift. We will characterize the monodromy-induced patterns of symmetry breaking as classified by the mapping torus $T_h(S^5)$.

Speaker: Colin Sterckx (Université Libre de Bruxelles)

10:30 The Third Way to Interacting p-form Theories

In three spacetime dimensions certain gravitational and gauge theories are `third way' consistent. This means that their equations of motion are only on-shell consistent and do not come from the variation of an action which contains the dynamical field alone. Although this mechanism is not special to 3d, no higher dimensional third way consistent theory was known. In this talk, I will introduce the third way by presenting the 3d theories and show how we recover them by shifting a flat gauge connection. Applying the same method in higher dimensions, we find a new class of interacting $(d-2)$-form theories and I will discuss various generalisations of them. Our result proves that the third way can be realised in dimensions higher than three, and I will conclude by discussing the possibility of constructing new third way consistent theories of gravity.

Speaker: Matteo Broccoli (AEI Potsdam)

third_way_desy.pdf

10:45 Coffee Break

11:15 A tale of two horizons and two cutoffs

Based on reasonable assumptions, we propose a new expression for Lloyd's bound, which confines the complexity growth of charged black holes. We then compute the holographic complexity for charged black branes in the presence of a finite cutoff using complexity = action proposal. We argue that a behind-the-horizon cutoff is inevitable. Using the proposed Lloyd's bound, we find a relation between the ultraviolet and the behind-the-horizon cutoffs. This relation is found to be consistent with the factorization of the partition function at leading order in large N. We argue that the result may be thought of as a holographic realization of strong cosmic censorship.

Speaker: Souvik Banerjee (University of Würzburg)

11:35 Weak gravity vs charged massless gravitini in de Sitter

We argue that in extended supergravity, de Sitter ctitical points with light charged gravitini violate the magnetic weak gravity conjecture. We prove this statement in general for N=2 matter-coupled gauged supergravity and demonstrate the result and its caveats through various examples. This result is required by the "festina lente" bound, but is derived independently, and thus serves as a non-trivial consistency check.

Speaker: Maxim Emelin (University of Padua)

11:55 Fuzzy Dark Matter Candidates from Strings

We provide a string theoretical explanation of fuzzy dark matter as composed by ultra-light axions coming from the compactification of type IIB string theory on Calabi-yau manifolds. In particular, we consider C_4 axions stabilased in a Large Volume Scenario, and thraxions, axionic modes living in warped throats of the internal manifold. Based on the latest bounds, we study how likely is for dark matter to be composed of such particles and in which abundance. We provide predictions on the preferred ranges of masses and decay constants when string axions behave as FDM. Moreover, requiring those axions to lie in the FDM range imposes constraints on the features of the internal manifold. We also comment on implications for the Weak Gravity Conjecture.

Speaker: Nicole Righi (DESY)

Righi_DesyThWorkshop.pdf

12:10 Euclidean axion wormholes do not contribute to the path integral

Axion fields coupled to gravity allow non-trivial Euclidean saddle points that correspond to wormholes. Their possible role in the path integral of quantum gravity has been a puzzle for over 30 years. In this talk I will first explain that these saddle points are unstable in a Euclidean sense even when additional axion or saxion fields are added. Secondly, the meaning of these instabilities will also be discussed.

Speaker: Rob Tielemans (KU Leuven)

12:25 A Gravitino Distance Conjecture

We conjecture that in a consistent supergravity theory with non-vanishing gravitino mass, the limit $m_{3/2}→0$ is at infinite distance. In particular one can write $m_{tower}∼m^δ_{3/2}$ so that as the gravitino mass goes to zero, a tower of KK states as well as emergent strings becomes tensionless. This conjecture may be motivated from the Weak Gravity Conjecture as applied to strings and membranes and implies in turn the AdS Distance Conjecture. Some evidence in type IIA vacua and F-theory settings will be presented. Moreover, we obtain general lower bounds $δ≥1/3,1/4$ for Calabi--Yau threefolds and fourfolds, respectively. The conjecture has important phenomenological implications, both for particle physics and cosmology.
Based on 2104.10181 [Castellano, A., Font, A., Herráez, A. et al. A gravitino distance conjecture. J. High Energ. Phys. 2021, 92 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP08(2021)092].

Speaker: Alberto Castellano Mora (IFT UAM/CSIC)

DESY-2021-GDC.pdf

13:00 → 14:00 Lunch break

14:30 → 18:00 Plenary Sessions

14:30 Cosmology from GW.

Speaker: Danièle Steer

presentationSTEER-DESY.pdf

15:00 Is the Hubble Tension Signaling New Physics?

Speaker: Wendy Freedman

15:30 New developments in indirect dark matter searches.

Speaker: Tracy Slatyer

DESY21_Slatyer_IndirectDetection.pdf

16:00 Coffee Break

16:30 Stringy cosmology and DM.

Speaker: Matthew Reece

Reece_DESY_2021.pdf

17:00 Axions from the cosmos to the laboratory.

Speaker: Ben Safdi

17:30 Future CMB Probes of the Dark Universe.

Speaker: Daniel Green

DESY_Theory_21.pdf

Friday, 24 September

09:15 → 10:30 Parallel Session: Phenomenology

Conveners: Bibhushan Shakya (T (Cosmology)), Elina Fuchs (CERN), Fady Bishara (T (Phenomenology))

09:15 Mesogenesis

Speaker: Gilly Elor (JGU Mainz)

DESY2021_Elor.pdf

09:30 SU(6) Gauge-Higgs Grand Unification

In this proposed talk, we present a gauge-Higgs grand unification setup that employs 5D warped space with a SU(6) bulk gauge field that includes both a SU(5) grand unified theory (GUT) and a Higgs sector as a scalar component of the 5D vector field, solving the hierarchy problem. By appropriately breaking the gauge symmetry on the boundaries of the extra dimension the issue of light exotic new states, appearing generically in such models, is eliminated and the SM fermion spectrum is naturally reproduced. The Higgs potential is computed at one-loop, finding straightforward solutions with a realistic $m_h = 125$ GeV. The problem of proton decay is addressed by showing that baryon number is a hidden symmetry of the model. The presence of a scalar leptoquark and a scalar singlet, whose potential we also compute at one-loop, is highlighted which might play a role in solving further problems of the SM. Finally, the X and Y gauge bosons from SU(5) GUTs are found at collider accessible masses, opening a window to the unification structure at low energies.

Speaker: Andreas Bally (Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg)

desypres.pdf

09:45 Small size instanton effects in composite axion models

We examine phenomenological properties of a heavy axion by considering small size instanton effects coming from an additional axicolor non-Abelian gauge group. To properly take instanton effects into account, we develop a new method to derive and diagonalize the mass matrix of pseudoscalar fields of the theory. Applying our new method for theories without axicolor instanton effects leads to good agreement with established effective field theory calculations. Using our method on axion models with additional non-Abelian gauge symmetries, the small size instanton effects shifts the electromagnetic decay constant $F_a$ and axion mass $m_a$, which we show as new bands in the {$m_a,G_{a\gamma\gamma}$}-plane. Our results show that the axion can be heavy and still solve the Strong CP-problem. Such an axion is unconstrained by stellar cooling bounds and could be probed by future colliders such as FCC.

Speaker: Alexey Kivel (Johannes Gutenberg University, Physics Institute)

desyTalk_AlexeyKivel_2021.pdf

10:00 Charming ALPs

Axion-like particles (ALPs) are ubiquitous in models of new physics explaining some of the most
pressing puzzles of the Standard Model. However, until relatively recently, little attention has been
paid to its interplay with flavour. In this work, we study in detail the phenomenology of ALPs
that exclusively interact with up-type quarks at the tree-level, which arise in some well-motivated
ultra-violet completions such as QCD-like dark sectors or Froggatt-Nielsen type models of flavour.
Our study is performed in the low-energy effective theory to highlight the key features of these
scenarios in a model independent way. We derive all the existing constraints on these models and
demonstrate how upcoming experiments at fixed-target facilities and the LHC can probe regions of
the parameter space which are currently not excluded by cosmological and astrophysical bounds. Possible signatures of flavour violating displaced decays are discussed. We
also emphasize how a future measurement of the currently unavailable meson decay D → π+invisible
could complement these upcoming searches.

Speaker: Christiane Scherb (Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz)

DESY_2021_Charming_ALPs_Scherb.pdf

10:15 The $\nu$DFSZ Axion model dubbed 2hdSMASH

The Standard Model (SM) suffers from five shortcomings: Dark Matter, Neutrino masses and mixing, Baryon asymmetry, Strong CP-Problem and Inflation. The latter is regarded as the seeds for structure formation. In this talk, we introduce an inflationary $\nu$DFSZ-type model which is dubbed 2hdSMASH(Two-Higgs-Doublet SMAxionSeesaw*Higgs-Portal-Inflation). 2hdSMASH aims at giving a complete and unified picture of the universe evolution from the inflationary epoch to today. In particular, we focus on parameter constraints coming from the inflationary epoch which provide in the low energy limit phenomenologically viable scalar masses that can be tested at LHC, HL-LHC or future colliders.

Speaker: Michael Maxim Matlis (DESY)

Matlis.pdf

09:15 → 10:35 Parallel Sessions: Cosmology

09:15 Uniting low-scale leptogenesis mechanisms

Speaker: Juraj Klaric (É. P. F. de Lausanne)

UnitingLeptogeneses.pdf

09:35 Absorption from Primordial Black Holes as source of baryon asymmetry

We propose a new mechanism for baryogenesis, in which baryon asymmetry is generated by absorption of a new particle $X$ carrying baryon number onto Primordial Black Holes (PBHs). Due to CP violation of $X$ and $\overline{X}$ scattering with the plasma surrounding PBHs, the two conjugate particles are differently absorbed by PBHs, leading to the production of an asymmetry in the $X$ sector. The production is halted by PBH evaporation, after which the asymmetry is transferred into the baryonic sector via $X$ decay. We show that this mechanism can produce the correct amount of asymmetry without violating the known constraints on PBHs concentration. Furthermore, we provide a systematic study of the parameter space, identifying the regions leading to the production of the correct baryon asymmetry

Speaker: Damiano F. G. Fiorillo (University of Naples "Federico II")

Slides_Fiorillo.pdf

09:50 Concordant approaches to resonant leptogenesis: comparison for a scalar prototype

In the recent years, Leptogenesis and Electroweak Baryogenesis have been a developing ground for non-equilibrium thermal quantum field theory techniques. In particular, the generation of a CP asymmetry can be described in terms of the Schwinger-Dyson (SD) equations evaluated over a closed time path (CTP) in the Schwinger-Keldysh formalism. Based on this SD approach the equations of motion for the propagators of the theory appear as non-linear integro-differential equations. A few strategies to reduce these equations into something solvable have been developed based on different choices for the representation of the two arguments of the propagators. The most common approaches use two times (2T) in coordinate space or a hybrid description of momenta and coordinates in Wigner space. Although qualitative comparisons for these two approaches have been made, a systematic and detailed analysis has never been carried out thus far. In this work we perform this inspection for the first time using a simple scalar model, with particular focus on flavour mixing and oscillations of the fields corresponding to sterile neutrinos. We find that, when aiming for the leading accuracy in the produced CP asymmetry, these approaches are in agreement across the whole mass-parameter space ranging from the extremely degenerate mass spectrum to the hierarchical regime. To achieve this, we upgrade the state of the art for the Wigner space solutions and provide a comprehensive description that is valid for all possible mass spectra.

Speaker: Giovanni Zattera (Technical University of Munich)

GiovanniZatteraDESY2021.pdf

10:05 Neutron-antineutron oscillation as a probe of baryogenesis

Neutron-antineutron ($n$-$\bar{n}$) oscillation is a baryon number violating process that will be probed at an unprecedented sensitivity in near future experiments at ESS and DUNE. We study potential impacts of the $n$-$\bar{n}$ oscillation mechanism on the baryon asymmetry of the Universe. Using an effective field theory framework, as well as a simplified model for one of two possible UV-complete topologies of the $n$-$\bar{n}$ operator, we connect a potential $n$-$\bar{n}$ oscillation discovery to baryogenesis, and show the overlap with resonant production at the LHC. We find that successful baryogenesis can be realised in regions of parameter space that are currently unexplored but will be probed by future $n$-$\bar{n}$ oscillation experiments.

Speaker: Kåre Fridell (Technical University of Munich)

nnbar_DESY.pdf

10:20 Beyond freeze-in: Dark Matter via Inverse Phase Transition and Gravitational Waves

I will discuss a recently proposed class of models where Dark Matter (DM) is produced via an inverse phase transition. The inverse phase transition can be caused by coupling to some cosmological field. For instance, this field can be the Ricci scalar, as in e-Print: 2004.03410; primordial magnetic field, as in e-Print: 2010.03383; or thermal fluctuations of other fields, as in e-Print: 2104.13722. In this most recent work we proposed a novel scenario of DM production tidy connected with generation of gravitational waves. DM is modelled as a real scalar, which interacts with the hot primordial plasma through a portal coupling to another scalar field. For a particular sign of the coupling, this system exhibits an inverse phase transition. The latter leads to an abundant DM production, even if the portal interaction is so weak that the freeze-in mechanism is inefficient. The model predicts domain wall formation in the early Universe, long before the inverse phase transition. These domain walls have a tension decreasing with time, and completely disappear at the inverse phase transition, so that the problem of overclosing the Universe is avoided. The domain wall network emits gravitational waves with characteristics defined by those of DM. In particular, the peak frequency of gravitational waves is determined by the portal coupling constant, and falls in the observable range for currently planned gravitational wave detectors.

Speaker: Alexander Vikman

DESY_2021_short.pdf

09:15 → 10:30 Parallel Sessions: String & Mathematical Physics

09:15 Towards Celestial Holography

Universal relationships between asymptotic symmetries, QFT soft theorems, and low energy observables have reinvigorated attempts at formulating a holographic correspondence for flat spacetimes. In this talk, I will review recent advances in the celestial holography proposal, where the 4d S-matrix is reconsidered as a 2d correlator on the celestial sphere at null infinity.

Speaker: Laura Donnay (Vienna)

DESY_Towards_celestial_holography.pdf

09:35 The Virasoro-Shapiro amplitude in AdS5xS5 and level splitting of 10d conformal symmetry

I will report on recent progress in bootstrapping the $\alpha'$-expansion of the genus-zero four-point superstring amplitude on AdS_5, dual to correlation functions of N=4 SYM at strong coupling. The construction of these amplitudes goes hand in hand with a deeper understanding of the spectrum of double-trace operators. As I will explain, at the level of supergravity these operators exhibit an interesting pattern of residual degeneracy, which is then lifted by the tower of string corrections in a controlled fashion.

Speaker: Hynek Paul (IPhT Saclay)

Level_splitting.pdf

09:55 Integrability and chaos in sYM theories from the anomalous-dimenison spectrum

The discovery of integrability in planar N=4 sYM theory led to considerable advances in the computation of planar anomalous dimensions. In this talk I will discuss universal statistical properties of anomalous-dimension spectra in sYM theories in the planar limit and at finite rank of the gauge group. I will show how they can give insight into the nature of the underlying model, in particular we will see integrability manifest itself in spectra of integrable spin chains, while non-planar spectra, as well as spectra of non-integrable spin chains, can be described by random matrix theory.

Speaker: Anne Spiering (Trinity College Dublin)

10:15 Standard Model EFTs and On-Shell Techniques

I will review the Standard Model Effective Field Theories (SMEFT) from purely on-shell arguments. Starting from few basics assumptions such as Poincaré invariance and locality, it is possible to classify all the renormalizable and non-renormalizable interactions at the lowest order in the couplings. From these building blocks, locality and unitarity enforce Lie algebra structures to appear in the S-matrix elements together with relations among couplings (and hypercharges). Furthermore, on-shell techniques allowed us to compute any higher-point amplitude (or form factor) in generic EFTs. Finally, using known amplitudes techniques I will show the computation of the mixing matrix of SMEFT marginal interactions up to mass dimension 8, to linear order in the effective interactions.

Speaker: Stefano De Angelis (Queen Mary University of London)

10:30 → 11:00 Coffee Break

10:30 → 11:00 Coffee Break

10:35 → 11:00 Coffee Break

11:00 → 12:30 Plenary Sessions

11:00 Statistics of Axion Physics in the Landscape

Speaker: Michele Cicoli

DESYTHWorkshop_Cicoli_new2.pdf

11:30 Dark energy and gravitational waves.

Speaker: Filippo Vernizzi

Desy_2021_Vernizzi.pdf

12:00 Recent Discoveries on Very High Energy Emission from GRBs.

Speaker: Andrew Taylor

DESY_Theory_Workshop_2021.pdf

EuCAPT_Hamburg.pdf